According to psychologists, people perceive the world differently in the literal sense of the word. And this applies not only to differences in worldviews or religious beliefs. Just for one, the world is primarily sounds, for another - a picture, for a third - sensations. Now they single out into a separate group those who perceive the surrounding reality as a pure stream of information, material for logical analysis.

Three ways of perceiving the world

Among people there are digitals, visuals, auditory, kinesthetics. The characteristic of each type is based on its way of perceiving the world. For visuals, this is before

just a picture, an image. If you ask a visual to tell you about a walk in the park, he will first of all remember the color of autumn foliage, the blueness of the sky and the bizarre outlines of an old tree. He will tell you what he saw. But it was cold or warm, birds sang or not - for the visual it is not so important.

Auditory, on the contrary, will pay attention primarily to sounds. A conversation with a friend, the rustle of leaves, the singing of birds - this is what he will remember when talking about a walk. The kinesthetic perceives reality as a sensation: the warm rays of the sun, the soft moss, the stiff stalks of grass.

Innovation in classification

The rarest type is digital. Psychologists began to include it in typing lists not so long ago, before only visuals, auditory, kinesthetics appeared there. The characterization of digitals is rather peculiar and even controversial in a certain sense. These are people who perceive the world in the form of a logical picture, a clear

structured schema. For auditory conversation, communication is voice and intonation, for visual - clothes and facial expressions of a partner, for kinesthetic - touch. Digital first of all perceives the semantic component of what was said. He may not remember how the interlocutor's voice sounds or how he looked, but he will accurately assess the degree of argumentation of what was said and the accuracy of logical constructions.

The controversy of singling out these people as a separate group is obvious. The classical definition is based on the dominance of one particular sense organ. Logic, thinking cannot be attributed to the sense organs, this is a way of processing information, and not its perception. Adding digitals to this classification is the same as adding “round” to the list of “large, medium, small”. After all, this is also a characteristic of the subject.

However, psychologists who adhere to the point of view that the digital type has a right to exist always clarify that there are very few such people. This is more the exception than the rule.

External differences of psychotypes

It is possible to determine whether an auditory person, visual or kinesthetic, even on the basis of external observations.

Audials talk a lot and willingly, always listen carefully, although they may not look at the interlocutor. This is not a manifestation of antipathy, they just do not care about the visual component of the information. Audials are sensitive to the slightest shades of intonation, they can only be offended by too rough intonation (although, for example, a kinesthetic person will not pay attention to such a trifle). Visuals, on the contrary, eye with

the interlocutor is not reduced. They will always notice a new hairstyle or a good combination of colors in clothes. Their opinion about the interlocutor is based on external impressions. Clothing, facial expressions, gestures - all this is very important for visuals. But they can listen inattentively, as, indeed, kinesthetics. This is normal for such psychotypes.

Kinesthetics during a conversation move a lot, gesticulate. Perhaps they are the most graceful psychotype. After all, movement, the sensation of the body during it - this is their element. The answer to the question "how to define kinesthetics" is obvious. Because it is this type that always tries to touch the interlocutor: to pat him on the shoulder, to touch his hand. This is not an invasion of privacy at all. It's just that kinesthetics feel the world that way.

Why you need to know your type

There are hundreds of personality tests. To find out, it is enough to answer a couple of dozen questions. Auditory, Visual or Kinesthetic? The test will easily determine what type of perception a person has. Nothing to do with tests

“What kind of book character are you” or “Who are you in the animal world” does not have this questionnaire. Information about the type of perception is of great practical importance. After all, it depends, for example, on the preferred method of learning.

Audials are easier to memorize material by ear, visuals need visual information. Kinesthetic learners are better at tasks related to the object world. The characteristic of kinesthetics suggests that the ability to touch, feel an object for them is the main way of knowing the world. Therefore, abstract objects are given to kinesthetics with difficulty.

Types of perception of information and learning

Tests to determine the type of perception of information are recommended to be carried out in kindergartens and schools. So you can find out how best to convey educational material to children. However, this is unlikely to affect the way of teaching. Even if the teacher is ready to change the usual method of presenting the material, it will certainly turn out that there are representatives of each type in the class, which means that you just need to diversify the lessons, using both oral explanations and visual materials.

But this is clear even without tests. But parents can use the information received to good use. Home study of the material can be built on the basis of this knowledge. The kinesthetic child will learn the lesson better if he has the opportunity to use the material embodiment of theoretical knowledge. This is where counting sticks and training models come in handy. When explaining to him exactly how the Earth revolves around the Sun, it is better not to look for a training video, but to take an apple and a lamp. Let the child himself try to make night and day on the “planet” apple, touch the warm “summer” barrel and the cold “winter” barrel. Kinesthetics understand this much better than any explanation.

Methods of assimilation of new material

To learn new information, auditory people usually say it out loud. It is impossible to ask such a person to be silent - he simply will not remember what needs to be learned. Visuals tend to remember what a textbook page looks like, right down to the pictures. But kinesthetics are unlikely to appreciate this, such a way of assimilation of material for

them is useless. Feeling is important for this psychotype. Therefore, while working on the material, they walk back and forth, twirl something in their hands or pull. In the cartoon "DuckTales" the main character Scrooge McDuck had a special room for reflection. In it, he walked in a circle, pondering the solution to another problem. Even paved the path. This character is an example of a classic kinesthetic. It is useless to force a representative of this psychotype to sit still. This will not improve the result, but, on the contrary, worsen it.

The role of types of perception in conflicts

Adults will also benefit from this information. In the heat of family quarrels, it is good to remember that the opponent is not at all cold, indifferent and insensitive. Maybe he just sees the world differently. In a situation where the wife has a kinesthetic psychological type, and the husband has an auditory type, it is quite difficult to find mutual understanding. A man will assume that since a woman talks little to him or talks, but in some “not that” tone, it means that feelings fade away. At the same time, the partner simply will not hear all the words “I love you”, she will miss them. But she will pay attention to the fact that her husband does not hug her, does not hold her hand, does not touch gently.

How to find a common language for representatives of different psychotypes

Partners communicate their feelings, but each in their own language. But they cannot hear or understand each other. The only way out in this case is a compromise. A partner can convince himself as much as he likes that if he does not receive the necessary confirmation of his feelings, but it is still there, it is simply “invisible” for him. Emotional hunger does not lead to anything good. A person needs to really feel loved, and not just theoretically understand the truth of this statement.

Therefore, partners must take into account the needs of each other. Audials need to speak out loud about their feelings, without which full contact is impossible. Kinesthetics need touch. So why not just take your partner by the hand, if it's so important? You just need to remember this nuance. Kinesthetic learners will appreciate this.

You can find a common language with any psychotype. The main thing is to take into account the needs of each other and understand that the partner sees the world a little differently.