The human brain is a complex system of the body that sends signals to action. The centers responsible for speech and the movement of the fingers are in close proximity to each other. Thus, the development of fine motor skills in children stimulates the speech zone, and also helps to control their actions with the help of vision.

Fine motor skills are the coordination and control of the movement of the fingers or the entire hand by different systems of the body: nervous, bone, muscle, visual.

The sooner loving parents begin to stimulate the motor skills of the hands, the faster the development of the crumbs will take place.

A little man comes to our vast world without any knowledge and skills. Even the movements of his fingers he makes unconsciously, the muscles of the child are weak and undeveloped. One of the primary tasks of parents is to help their baby get comfortable, to form the necessary skills:

• development of memory and speech;
• learning to draw and write;
• formation of logical thinking;
• development of dexterity;
• expanding horizons;
• development of imagination and fantasy;
• preparation for manual skills.

Child under one year old

There is an opinion that crumbs up to a year do not need to develop motor skills of the fingers. But we should not forget that the newborn seeks to know the world around him, which is gradually expanding around him.

By three months, the child develops a grasping reflex. First, he reaches out with his whole hand to a bright spot, then he begins to grab and squeeze everything that comes across with his fingers.

What can parents do to develop fine motor skills in a baby up to a year old?

1. Every day, perform a gentle massage of the fingers and palms. When feeding, gently stroke the clenched fists, gently unclenching each finger. A baby up to a year remembers emotions well - positive and negative, so a pleasant stroke will have a calming effect on him.
2. Newborns always try to grab onto the outstretched fingers, after a while, feeling their strength, they will be able to rise with the help of their parents and rely only on their fingers.
3. When the child has enough strength to hold the toy, it is necessary to purchase a rattle with a wavy surface, which will become the first assistant in the development of fine motor skills.
4. Children up to a year really like the rustle of paper. Show that newspaper sheets and napkins can be twisted, wrinkled, and torn.
5. Six-month-old children can already buy cubes, a large designer, a pyramid. While playing, babies develop their fingers.
6. For a baby from 6-7 months to a year, all items in the kitchen are of great interest. Let him play under your supervision with beans, pasta, laying out and pouring them into different bowls, plates and saucepans.

Important! Do not leave your child alone with paper and small items. Babies love to taste everything.

Game and development of fine motor skills in children

A little man cannot be forced to do something. The result will be one - tears and whims.

Remember! Only with the help of games do we develop fine motor skills in children and thereby contribute to the expansion of their horizons.

1. Gymnastics for little fingers.

It is very important to develop the flexibility of the fingers, as soon the baby will have to master writing skills. Flexibility will also help to form neat and legible handwriting.

The staging of small rhymes and fairy tales will not only contribute to the development of motor skills of the hands, but also to memorization, and will also teach the child to fantasize. A simple nursery rhyme about a staggering bull can eventually be turned into a whole performance with the addition of words and small theatrical props. For example:

• add different intonation - sad or comedic;
• draw eyes, nose, mouth, hooves on the fingers;
• build a swinging bridge.

The game will allow the child to navigate where they are: up, down, right, left.

Watch the time! Do not tire the child, especially if he is not yet a year old. It is better to stop the game after 3-4 minutes than to try to keep your attention.

2. Games with small objects.

Best suited for older children who already distinguish objects from each other and know their properties. You can offer the child to touch, with his eyes closed, determine what it is.

Buttons, beads, pebbles, nuts - all these items can be shifted, poured.

Beads and buttons can be strung on a thread, and from seeds and cereals - lay out pictures on the table.

All children love to build sand figures. It is not necessary to sit outside in the sandbox, collect sand in a bucket, rinse it. For a child, it will be a fascinating activity - the search for small items hidden in a box of sand. This lesson will bring undoubted benefits for the development of fine motor skills of the hands.

Invite your fingers to draw a simple pattern or letters on the sand surface.

4. Application.

Show that paper can not only be crushed and torn into small pieces, but pieces can be torn out, which are then glued to another sheet of paper, making up a pattern.

Explain to the kid the rules for using scissors, trust him to cut something.

Do not leave your child alone with sharp objects. If the baby starts to indulge - take the scissors from him, calmly explain the reason, do not succumb to tears.

All kids love to sculpt. Modeling material - dough, plasticine, clay.

If you are afraid that plasticine and clay will go into your mouth, then the dough will be the most excellent material for the first figures. If you yourself prepare the dough for dumplings or cookies, then even a crumb a little over a year old will be able to mold a bun or a small sausage. Teach your baby how to use a small plastic dough knife, and the modeling process will become more entertaining. With older children, you can assemble more complex compositions from clay and plasticine.

6.Lacing.

There are many different games using lacing. But much more interesting - there will be a hand-made toy, for example, from a box from a set of sweets. Pull the laces (ribbon) in turn through the randomly located holes, creating a cobweb for the spider.

7. Screwing.

Children will be happy to twist and unscrew the corks of bottles and jars. Arrange competitions.

8. Coloring pages of our childhood.

Remember how you yourself sat at the table, awkwardly holding a pencil and slightly sticking out your tongue, diligently coloring the picture.

Teach your child to be neat from the first moment, thus you help to feel beautiful, learn to combine colors, develop creative thinking.

9. Drawing.

You can start learning to draw with paints without a brush. We dip our finger into the paint and learn to put the first traces and blots on paper.

• outline the contour of the palm, glass, molds;
• draw along the outline;
• finish drawing.

After, you can begin to perform more complex drawings.

The ways of developing motor skills in babies up to a year and after are varied. The main rule is to use game elements, then learning will turn into an easy and easy process.

Fine motor skills of hands play an important role in the development of memory, speech, and thinking. The gameplay will help not only to form the necessary skills, but also to reveal the hidden talents of the baby.

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