Elena Azhevskaya

Where to start working on yourself or how to start changing

Hello dear friends!

I bring to your attention the "Success Cheat Sheet". The idea for this book came to me purely by accident. The fact is that I have been engaged in personal growth for more than ten years: I read books, go through programs, and if I meet an interesting tool for self-improvement and development of myself as a person, I begin to apply it in my life.

This article is an introduction to the Cheat Sheet. In it, I will share with you my thoughts on how to start changing or on the first steps on the path to successful self-realization. Of course, this is work on yourself.

Where does success begin? I think that from laying the foundation! After all, the stronger the foundation, the more stable the building built on it. Therefore, it is necessary to think over everything and create a “foundation of success” so that any cataclysms are not terrible.

In order for everything to be clear, high-quality, easy and moderately fast, you need to figure out what personal qualities and skills will lead to success and where to start working on yourself.

Recipe for success

Indeed, we all understand that success does not come just like that, so what needs to be done to climb a new step in our development and get closer to our cherished goal?

While listening to the book by Nicholas Latansky "50 Secrets of Success", I learned about the existence of the Formula for Success by Thomas Leonard, the founder of personal coaching.

The essence of the formula is that a person's success is a derivative of three main components:

1. 10% - knowledge, skills, abilities of a person
2. 40% - way of thinking: how a person perceives himself and the world around him
3. 50% - environment, habitat

Now, according to this formula, we will be able to model a plan for "changing yourself" based on cheat sheet tickets.

I will immediately note that the material in this booklet will help to a greater extent to change the way of thinking and personal effectiveness (40% success), will affect the first component (10%), as it will lead to an improvement in intuition, which contributes to a better use of knowledge, skills and abilities.

But that's not all. You yourself will notice that along with how you yourself begin to change, along with how your inner world, - your environment will also change, and this is 50% of success.

This means that you yourself will shape your environment, not only influencing your family and friends with your positive, but also attracting new friends, personalities who will contribute to your further development.

personal development

To begin with, you can simply look through, flip through the pages in order to have a strategic plan for further work on yourself: what you know, what you don’t know, maybe you know something, but you forget to put it into practice.

At one of the master classes on achieving the goals set by Evgeny Deineko, I learned that according to the statistics that the author himself collected, only 50% of the participants achieve the intended results after passing it, and the remaining 50% do not. Why do you think?

Because in order to quickly and easily get results in any area, first of all, personal self-sufficiency is needed, and then the use of “various chips” that are taught in trainings to achieve a specific goal: money, career, love - relationships, etc. d.

We are all different: someone lacks positive thinking, someone lacks positive emotions, someone has weak energy and simply does not have the strength to implement what they have planned into life. This is what personal growth is all about!

The tickets contain all this information. And perhaps, just by looking at the content, you will understand where to direct your efforts. In this case, you can proceed to a detailed study of the issue of interest.

Well, for those who are interested in all the tickets or it is difficult to decide where to start - let's start with the formation of good habits.

Good Habits

We all understand that in order to succeed, one strategy and dreams are not enough. It will be necessary to work hard to correct the prevailing stereotype of thinking and behavior in society. For this, first of all, we need strength and energy.

It certainly cannot be done without healthy lifestyle life!

Therefore, before proceeding to the careful study of each ticket, let's start implementing in our lives good habits, rituals that will have a beneficial effect on health and quality of life.

Morning work-out

Start with the easiest, for example, with morning exercises, the most simple exercises, similar to those that were once done at school, in the future you can diversify them with exercises from yoga, qigong gymnastics or from the Eye of Rebirth.

A glass of warm water

To the “Morning exercise” ritual, you can add the “Glass of warm water” ritual 20 minutes before or after eating at the rate of 1 liter per 40 kg. weight of a person (if a person weighs 80 kg., then to maintain the water balance, he needs to drink about 2 liters of water daily).

Mindful eating

This can hardly be called a ritual, it is more suitable for a lifestyle in a habitat where you need to ensure that you do not buy or eat genetically modified foods, foods stuffed with preservatives, dyes and stabilizers.

Eat more vegetables and fruits. Eggs, fish, seeds, nuts, olive oil are very useful for the body. Do not forget that nutrition should be balanced.

Also, there are different opinions about the harm caused to food by heating them in a microwave oven (!).

Walks in the open air

Build your return home route in such a way that at least 20 minutes. could take a leisurely walk and get some fresh air.

Complete rest

Studying the material

Let's start studying the material. Read the ticket. Pick out your main ideas. Complete practical task and if you are interested in this topic - subscribe to Additional materials, trainings and webinars from leading experts in their field.

Do not rush to move on to the next ticket, it is important to thoroughly work through each ticket, it takes time to develop skills.

Why do I suggest subscribing to additional content? Because a lot of useful and necessary information is given there for free, in addition, I really like the meditations that are given to all those who subscribe to the webinar or master class, and if you could not attend the webinar or training at the specified time, you will definitely be sent a recording that you can watch for a few more days.

Environment

Let's start creating 50% of our success, namely, we create our own environment:

1. The environment is not only people who surround, but also objects, clothes, food. Therefore, before you buy or eat anything, think about how useful it will be for you. Also, try to surround yourself with beautiful things, set the table before eating. Try to enjoy everything, even any everyday moments, - this will add positive emotions and increase energy vibrations.
2. We surround ourselves with positive people. By subscribing to free mailing lists, you will receive letters from people who have already achieved success and, by reading their letters, you will naturally adopt their way of thinking. You can also join interest groups, such as the Facebook group " Personal growth and human development”, I always post the materials I like. And, of course, if you have any questions, you can always ask me for help in the comments on the site and in social networks.

Information processing

Books and programs on positive thinking. Talking with many people who are fond of this topic, we came to the same conclusion: while reading a book, you are filled with positive and the desire to change your life for the better, but as soon as the book is read, inspiration disappears, and everything becomes the same as and it was before.

Of course, the book has been read, but new behavioral skills have not been formed, so the information received must be worked out and re-read! In this regard, audiobooks and programs are good: you turn on the recording and you can do your own business that does not require mental stress (cleaning the apartment, cooking).

Once, more than five years ago, I listened to an audiobook. At that time, my girlfriend and I were renting an apartment. She spent her free time with friends, and I spent more time at home and constantly listened to my favorite book. When she came home, she said: “Lena, are you zombifying again?!”:-))) Yes! Exactly! How else can you change your way of thinking?

Don't be afraid of new information! Of course, you need to listen to common sense and intuition. You can’t take anything for granted without checking it, and only then, if you like the idea, start implementing it into your life. I wish you all success on this path and see you soon.

With love and respect, Elena Azhevskaya.

Any work on color correction of an image (as well as work on the entire project - where these images will be included) begins with clarifying the terms of publication. Regardless of the form in which you send the publication to the printing house, all the parameters listed below are necessary for high-quality image processing. While it is quite easy for vector objects to make changes related to other print conditions, then making even small corrections to a raster image only worsens it. What exactly you need to find out for high-quality image preparation:

• at the customer:
  • -Objective;
  • - publication format; (format agreed with the printing house where this work will be printed)
  • -characteristics of the paper used.

at the typography technologist:

• -printing machine (rotary or sheet, how many sections);
• - dot gain for each paint by 40% and 80% for a given paper and lineature;
• - the maximum amount of colors;
• -maximum percentage of black paint;
• -recommended black generation mode;
• -minimum white point percentage;
• -percentage value of gray balance;

or instead of all these points - ICC print profile, but both are better. (high-quality profiles from the printing house are still rare, more often they give a "surrogate")

• - print lineature;
• -recommendations related to the descent of lanes.

• from the layout designer (or from himself):

  • What will be on one sheet of descent.

Let's consider some points in more detail:

Goal of the work important for image processing - to highlight the significant elements of the image and fade the minor ones (to place accents). Here are some exaggerated examples of processing options:

Publication format- i.e. the necessary physical dimensions of images, as a rule, the designer works with low-resolution "preview" files, and only after preliminary approval of the sketch, work begins on scanning and processing images with the required resolution and dimensions. Avoid changing dimensions in your layout software by more than 10%.

Print Lineature - needed to select options when sharpening. The value of the lineature depends on the size of the stable minimum printing dot that a particular printing process can provide.
Lineature = 1/(5*dt.min) lines/cm). The value of image resolution depends on the chosen lineature.

Lane descent- if on one printed sheet you have images with delicate pastel colors and 100% spot filling of one of the primary colors - be prepared that this color will be in the first image by 5%, 10% more than you expect. And if, for example, there is dense text on the back of a light stretch of the sky, the sky will be "striped" from lines of translucent text.

I advise you to receive data from the printing house in writing (for example, by fax), in the future this piece of paper can save you money.

If you prepared an image using the CMYK settings that Photoshop offers by default (that is, for a printing process that does not exist in nature, and in Russia in particular), then without a complete rework of the entire work, the print run will be obviously of low quality, - the printer will bring the print to a more or less divine appearance, try to raise the contrast of the image, make the colors cleaner - by changing the density of the paint, the onslaught, which will inevitably lead to a significant narrowing of the effective tone interval with the loss of details in highlights and shadows, and there can be no talk of color predictability. Do you need linear correction during printing?

The preparatory stage is over, we proceed directly to work on the project

So you have decided on the profile and set it in the Color Settings dialog, decided on the required resolution, and after bringing the images to the desired size, you are ready to set it. Before layout, all images are cropped at the edges of the image (if necessary, the horizon or object is leveled, the geometry is straightened), they are brought, without interpolation, to the required resolution (many layout designers are used to evaluating the suitability of existing image sizes by scale, although in my opinion it is enough to follow in InDesign "e behind the parameter Effective resolution (Effective ppi) in the palette Info (Info). Images are saved in TIF format. Next comes the layout process, when the images are arranged and the layout is approved, work on color correction begins, do not try to do color correction and layout in parallel - the layout is constantly changing - the "ways and thoughts" of the designer are inscrutable and you will spend a lot of time on the basket (from the selected illustrations, usually in the publication includes no more than 40%), and due to the size that has changed in the direction of increasing, you will have to redo it again (especially if there are slides that can be rescanned in a larger size - therefore, it is better to give pre-scanned files for layout in low resolution, sufficient to determine the plot , and when the structure of the publication becomes clear, you can start scanning with sizes no larger than the book format and only after the layout is approved, scan slides from which fragments will be cut).

Actually, we have reached the moment when you opened the image for color correction. Processing begins with bringing the image to the dimensions required in the publication, if "movements" are possible in the layout (and they are possible until the last minute before writing PS), I set the linear dimensions, but if possible, I give the resolution with a small margin (not 300ppi , and 320ppi for example) - this leaves the designer a little freedom in increasing the given image without rework. Next, the image analysis "goes", an example of image analysis can be found in the article on preparing for printing the painting Madonna Litta. The search for "problems" of the image suggests a further processing strategy, the choice of an appropriate color space, tools and working methods. The main thing here is to always leave "escape routes" - resized - take a snapshot of the state, applied the tool - let this tool be in an adjustment layer, you need to stamp something - create an empty layer and stamp on it, you need to apply a filter - apply it to the copy layer, etc.
In the correction examples that are posted on this site, I deliberately did not select "impact" pictures, as is customary in specialized literature. Take your image and go through all the steps of the example - this will allow you to understand on which images from your "circle" this or that technique works, what image problem this technique solves. Good luck!

The question was asked about how to find your mission and determine the direction of changes in life. In this article, I would like to answer this question and recommend some simple techniques that you can try out immediately after reading.

Why do we want change?

If it seems to you that something needs to be changed in this life, then it doesn’t seem to you.

Rinat Valiullin

I believe that the first step to conscious change in life is planning. However, I did not specify what exactly makes us start planning, look for sources of motivation and work with our resources.

Everything is very simple - it is a rejection of reality.

We start thinking about change when we have the urge to say, “Something is wrong in my life. I do not like it!". It happens when something makes us question our living standards.

I recently read the story of a girl who lost 20 kilograms. I'll give it as an example.

“I rode the subway when all the seats were taken. My grandmother was sitting in front of me and for the first few minutes she carefully examined me. Then she got up and with the words: “Sit down, daughter, you are not supposed to stand with a baby” - she gave way to me. I, burning with shame and holding my "baby", sat down. It was at that moment that I realized that it couldn’t go on like this.”

The first thing you need to understand when embarking on a path of change is that the new standards you are striving for do not match what you have at this stage. But after all, not everyone gets such an opportunity to experience a moment of utmost clarity, to see themselves from the outside and rethink their habits, like the aforementioned girl. So what to do?

1. What do I want to change?

It doesn't make much sense to climb a ladder if it's not against the wall you want.

Stephen Covey

This is the main question that worries most people who have received a boost of motivation, but do not know where to direct their energy.

There are many ways to identify problem areas, but the simplest and most effective of them is a competent assessment. To do this, you need to separately consider the main areas of your life, which, as a rule, include:

• Love;
• friendship;
• welfare;
• health;
• Job;
• hobby.

This classification was proposed by Russian business coach Radislav Gandapas. You can use your division, revealing individual directions in more detail.

Now you need to evaluate each of them on a ten-point scale. So you decide which areas need your attention first. If you have opposite ratings (for example, 3 and 10), then you should think about redirecting your efforts to an area that needs it more.

If all the numbers are approximately the same, then start with health and love, since their development most of all trains the will and gives motivation for self-improvement.

2. How to force yourself to act?

To change something, a person needs to survive a catastrophe, poverty or the proximity of death.

Erich Maria Remarque

Once you have decided what to work on, you must bring yourself into a state of rejection of reality. Your desire to raise existing standards must overcome fear, which is guaranteed to make you want to leave things as they are. What is needed for this?

Take a piece of paper and write down the goal in the chosen area. For example: "I want to develop a strong relationship." Now divide the sheet into two columns with the following titles:

1. old standards. What will happen in five years if I leave everything as it is?
2. New standards. What will happen in five years if I start working on myself in this area?

Now try to be as honest as possible and write down detailed answers to these questions. In our example of a strong relationship, old standards would include loneliness, lack of understanding, emotional instability, and so on. To new ones - emotional support, have a good time, happy marriage.

So what standards do you want to live by?

3. Live by the new standards. Today!

There is no balance in life. Every moment is either a movement towards perfection or degradation.

Andrew Matthews

Now you know in which direction you need to move and what results await you at the end. At this stage, overwhelmed with emotions, we first begin to make plans to change the chosen area, but our enthusiasm quickly disappears.

To prove to yourself that your standards are indeed a thing of the past, start changing your chosen field today, right now. An excellent example of motivation for you is the picture below.

In order to see multiple changes in a year, it is enough to change by only 1% today. Write to an old friend with whom you have not communicated for a long time, do exercises, find out about the possibilities career development At work. Do something every day that will bring you closer to your goal, even if it's just one step closer.

Start working on yourself and change your life for the better!

The process of creating an informational article consists of several stages: collecting and processing information, drawing up a plan, writing a draft. Proofreading and editing text. Today I propose to talk about the first, very milestone, the quality of which will largely depend on the quality of the article - work with the material.

Unfortunately, many authors do not attach due importance to the work with the material. When they receive an order to write an article on, say, air purifiers, they quickly search for the phrase "air purifiers articles" and get a list of articles written by their predecessors. They read and write their free presentation of these texts. The situation is repeated from time to time. Subjected to endless rewriting, the original text is multiplied, spreads over the Internet, but its quality does not improve. Rather, on the contrary.

But where is the way out, you ask? After all, one person can not understand all topics? Okay, about cooking and raising children, you can write based on personal experience. And if about the same air purifiers neither a dream nor a spirit?

I do not urge you to write from your head, invent and fantasize. I encourage you to do a little investigative journalism and follow the advice that helps me write informative articles on various topics.

1. Look for primary sources

Once and for all, forget about the phrase "your topic + articles." Articles of your colleagues can be a maximum source for rewriting. Articles of successful colleagues can be a model and an example, but nothing more. Look for primary sources: definitions and articles from encyclopedic dictionaries, opinions of scientists and experts in the field, instructions and technical descriptions, user reviews, photos and videos.

2. Draw your own conclusions

Based on the received material. You found a lot of flattering reviews about the model of the air cleaner "A". And the B model is way too noisy. But the model "B" ergonomic design. All these conclusions can be drawn only by looking at several pages with descriptions of models and reviews about them on the M-video website. Share your observations with readers.

3. Provide figures and facts

So that your conclusions are not unfounded, and the article does not seem like a transfusion from empty to empty, feel free to add numbers to the article. These can be technical characteristics of the item, price range, statistics numbers. “Model A has an attractive price and will cost you 2999 rubles. Model B will save you a thousand rubles on your purchase, but its power consumption of 2000 watts will significantly increase your electricity bills.

Hints, tips, and examples will help make your article specific and useful.

Where to look for information?

The range of your searches will greatly depend on the topic of the article. The author of this guide would advise you to:

A) Articles about tourism, cities and countries

On major travel sites you can find a lot of reviews and detailed reports of tourists. Otzyv.ru, Vinsky's forum, Mile Travel and many other sites for "tourist sites", "travel sites", "tourist reviews", etc. help you.

If you are preparing a material about a city or landmark, dig up the history, search the Internet for a video about the country. It is very useful for a copywriter to subscribe to publications like GEO, GEO Traveler, Golden Globe, Heritage of Humanity, etc.

B) Articles about real estate

Written on the basis of figures and facts. Major real estate portals keep statistics on cities, months, secondary and primary markets. On the same sites you can find forecasts and expert opinions. Do not forget that market fluctuations are often associated with economic and political events. Try to trace the link and make your own recommendations to the buyer.

C) Articles about the latest technology

It’s best to start working on a review of a new model of a phone or a food processor by studying it specifications. Imagine the process of using the model. This combine has low power, which means it will be able to mix the dough, but it will not be able to chop the meat. And this phone has only touch control, which means it is hardly worth giving it to old parents. And so on for each characteristic. Again, do not forget about user reviews. Online stores of large networks - M-video, Eldorado, Technosila, etc. will help you.

When selecting and studying material, keep paper and a pen nearby, write down thoughts that come to mind. They will then form the basis of a future article. Drawing up a plan will help structure the material. And remember that each article must be read at least twice, once preferably out loud, so you will hear possible speech flaws in your text.

This is the first spring post, so I want to wish you spring inspiration. And for the students of the course, I remind you that on March 12 a webinar awaits you, where we will learn in practice how to work with material for an article.

School of Management

If you want to make your management style more effective, here are some worthwhile practical tips.

Veresov N.N.

Typical managerial mistakes and how to eliminate them

There is no doubt that a strong (dominant, creative, confident, purposeful) personality is an indispensable condition for the professional success of a leader. The formation of the qualities of a strong personality is one of the mandatory conditions for a manager to work on himself. But how do they relate to each other? strong personality” and “strong leader”? You can be a strong person and not be a strong leader, but strong leaders tend to be strong personalities. The problem, therefore, is that the manager should include in his work on himself the development of purely managerial qualities.

Where does work on yourself begin?

Where does work on yourself begin? Firstly, from the awareness of one's strengths and weaknesses, and secondly, from overcoming some stereotypes of consciousness that prevent one from building effective relationships with people and blocking opportunities for one's own development, for a creative attitude to one's profession and life.

Some of these signs are directly related to personal qualities, come from them (resistance, sociability, endurance, self-confidence, etc.). And others (the ability to see changes, competence, the ability to use time, etc.) are purely managerial, for the development of which special efforts are needed. Some of these qualities, for example, competence in managerial problems, are acquired in the process of special training. Thus, a strong personality and a strong leader are close, but not identical, phenomena. In order to organize the work of the team to achieve the set goals, force alone, even the force of coercion, is clearly not enough.

Management - specific activity

Management is a specific activity that imposes specific requirements on a person. For example, in the General Motors Corporation they are:

1. Competence. Every manager must know what to do and how to do his job best. in the best way. This, of course, does not exclude the fact that everyone works in his own unique manner. Competence is cultivated in a rather original way - based on the idea that a leader cannot afford to learn from his own mistakes. Management knowledge can be obtained either as a result of special training, or as a result of a careful analysis of the mistakes of others and one's own experience.

2. Dignity and responsibility. The requirement to approach all matters with dignity and responsibility is more than just business ethics. Each leader knows for sure: for what work and according to what criteria he bears absolute responsibility. This responsibility can never, under any circumstances, be transferred to someone else (subordinate), even in cases where the manager is not at the workplace. Hence the dignity, because it is determined by a constant circle of responsibility.

3. A sense of the new and the ability to take risks. A sense of the new develops as a result of constant change, improvement in the ways of performing old, standard tasks. The feeling of the new is a steady result of the constant search for the new, which, of course, involves risk. This is encouraged in the activities of every leader. But it is not just the desire and ability to take risks that is important - the ability to take risks is important. A leader who knows how to take risks:

Ready to effectively use all the resources available to him;

Ready for risk;

Able to plan their actions (planning does not exclude risk, rather the opposite: good planning equips those who are able to take risks).

4. Sensitivity and mobility. Feeling what is happening, the main trends in the development of the case and subordinates, in a timely manner to capture the mood of people, their needs, needs - it also means that you also respect the opinions of others (having your own), and be ready for changes. This quality is cultivated by encouraging new ideas, strategic decisions at any level of subordination. Anticipating a problem allows you to deal with it long before it gets to its full height. As a result, both time and money are saved.

5. High performance. Efficiency is not only the ability to work for a long time and with high quality. This is the ability to optimally organize your work, which is measured by the number of important issues to be resolved per unit of time. This is patience, without which long hard work is impossible.

Even this cursory review of managerial requirements shows that a strong personality cannot always be a strong leader. The specifics of managerial activity is such that it is extremely important what and where the force is directed. At General Motors, these requirements apply to leaders of any rank. Equally stimulated is the fact that all leaders make these demands themselves. But it is hardly possible to imagine a manager equally possessing all of the listed qualities. This is more of an ideal to strive for. In reality, each leader seeks and finds his own style, his own combination of personal qualities, managerial abilities and skills. And it is unlikely that there will be at least one that “100%” meets these requirements. At the same time, any leader "at 100" should not correspond to the characteristics of a weak manager. Knowing what not to be is the first step to finding your own way and your own style in management.

Typical traits of a weak leader

What are generally recognized typical features of a weak (bad) leader?

Weak Leader:

Always faced with a mass of unexpected, unforeseen circumstances, spending a huge amount of time and effort to eliminate them. “Here you are!”, “All of us are not thankful to God!”, “Where it’s thin, it breaks there,” - one way or something like this one can characterize the usual troubles that haunt him daily, or even hourly. Because, firstly, he cannot predict, feel the approach of problems and prepare for their appearance in advance. Secondly, all the time he is constantly occupied with secondary issues, losing sight of the main thing - strategic tasks, which, if left to their own devices, give rise to these most unfortunate "unforeseen circumstances".

I am convinced that he knows the business and knows how to do it best, so he tries to do everything himself. This is based on a misunderstanding of at least two of the most important axioms of management, namely: every day the leader must decide much more tasks than he is physically capable of. Therefore, a professional distributes some of the tasks among his subordinates, delegating to them also the appropriate powers. He just has to do it and knows well how to do it right; many employees know their business as well as better than the boss. Whoever produces does not govern; who governs does not produce. The business of the leader is to manage, that is, to produce something with the hands of other people, and not with their own. A professional manager organizes people for work and knows how to do it as efficiently as possible.

He tries to delve into everything, so he practically does not have time. Often proud of their employment. Receiving visitors, at the same time talking on the phone, signing an order and giving verbal orders to subordinates. If this style of work is not an imitation of vigorous activity (which, of course, there is), I would call it the principle of Julius Caesar. As you know, this Roman emperor was famous for his ability to do several things at the same time. I still think that for a modern leader this is not the most best example for imitation - after all, Julius Caesar ended badly, and in this sense no one can be an exception.

Heaps papers on the desk. At the same time, it is completely unclear which of them are important, which are urgent, and which are not needed at all. With such an “order” on the desktop, the manager not only often cannot find the official document he needs at the moment, but also demonstrates to others - especially employees - the inability or unwillingness to organize their work, set priorities in business.

Open from early morning to late evening, sometimes even at night. It often looks like a person loaded to the limit, "not giving a descent either to himself or to his subordinates." Such a leader causes nothing but regret. Why? Because it clearly ignores some of the basic commandments of effective management, namely:

Each task takes all the time that is allotted for its implementation;

Working longer than 8 hours is extremely unproductive, and too high a price is paid for it.

His briefcase is "bloated" with the papers he carries home and back from work.. The only real benefit of this activity is that carrying a briefcase can, in a sense, replace physical exercise. (So, the famous Russian wrestler Ivan Poddubny walked with a pound cane to keep fit.) A folder for papers, a light diplomat - that's what you need to strive for.

The decision of any, and even more important, issue tries to postpone. I hope that the issue will either be resolved by itself, or someone else will solve it. If he takes on a problem, he never solves it to the end. As a result, the burden of unresolved problems weighs more and more on him, forcing him to make managerial mistakes.

Possesses "black and white" thinking. He sees everything only in white and only in black, his assessments are always unambiguous, categorical, have no shades. This leads to the fact that he loses the opportunity for compromise. "Hit or miss!" not the best motto for a leader.

Attaches too great importance random, minor details not being able to distinguish the main from the secondary, the important from the unimportant, the essential from the unimportant. Inflates details, tends to "make an elephant out of a fly."

Tries to make the best decision instead of the feasible one. And he forgets that not a single decision, especially a managerial one, can suit absolutely everyone, absolutely everyone likes it. The art of management, among other things, also consists in choosing a solution not from a variety of possible (ideal) ones, but from really available, really feasible ones. The most effective solution with minimal infringement of interests is the main guideline of the modern manager.

Wants to have a reputation a good leader and does it in an original way: either familiarizes with subordinates (the shirt-guy variant), or uses the principle open doors when anyone wants to come to his office, when he wants and on any issue.

Seeks to avoid responsibility, tends to blame others, in short, looking for a "scapegoat".

Takes credit for the success of his team and individual employees, following the principle "their success would not have been possible without my sensitive guidance."

A weak leader reveals his weakness despite his formidable appearance, because he makes many managerial mistakes, sometimes elementary ones. Let's consider some of them.

Seven Common Management Mistakes and How to Eliminate Them

Postponing the decision to tomorrow, indefinitely, postponing.

This error could be based on:

The hope that the issue will somehow be resolved by itself or that someone else will solve it;

Lack of a clear and precise idea of ​​what the leader actually wants to achieve.

There are some real reasons for procrastination as a problem-solving method. They say after all, if the problem is not solved, then after a while it will be solved by itself. But there is another thing to remember: small problems, if left unresolved, tend to turn into big ones.

What should I do to fix this error? Psychologists recommend several ways, depending on the causes that cause it.

If the manager does not have a clear understanding of his goals and an idea of ​​​​what he wants, then the following actions help well:

Written formulation of immediate tasks;

Discussion of the problem with the nearest employees;

Establishing strict deadlines for solving the problem;

Dividing the task into parts and its phased solution.

If postponing is associated with self-doubt, indecision and fear, then you can use the recommendations of the American researcher Norman Peel. It is necessary to single out the component in the task that is most “annoying” and overcome it. To do this, do the following:

Ask yourself: "What should be my first step?" In this question lies the "energy of motion";

Imagine vividly, in detail, in pictures, what will happen if you delay, pull, and name these consequences aloud. It acts like a whip;

Remember that if people waited or collected all the information and resources needed for a case, then 80% of the cases would not be done. You need to start, and everything that is missing will appear on the way to the goal. Even if you think that you are 100% ready to work, then once you start, it will become clear that this is not the case.

Arrange the order of tasks according to their importance. Focus on one problem and work on it until it's solved, then move on to the next.

Set deadlines and let them know, ask someone to monitor your progress towards the deadline.

Do your best first difficult part work. Otherwise, the most difficult work will remain for the time when fatigue accumulates.

To get started, it is enough that the initial details are clear and final goal.

Doing the job halfway. Psychologists recommend doing only those things that you can solve today. If the task is too voluminous and complex, then it should be divided into parts so that one of them can be solved in its entirety every day. It will be much more useful both for the activity and for your nervous system.

Trying to do everything at once. It is possible to move on to solving a new problem only when the previous one has already been solved, or at least a clear idea of ​​the nature of the solution and who will solve it has been obtained. The task of the manager is to create conditions for the effective functioning of the system, and not to take part in all the details or in the elimination of every malfunction.

The desire to do everything yourself. The manager's job is to manage, not to produce. Professional managers say: "The team is engaged in the development of production, the head - the development of the team." A manager who works effectively deals only with those tasks that no one but him can solve.

The belief that the leader knows everything best. You can't be competent in everything. What is the point in trying to know the work of subordinates better than they know it themselves? Everyone must do their job. If you are faced with a new, non-standard task, then you MUST, discarding false shame, turn to colleagues for help. Authority will not suffer from this.

Failure to differentiate powers. One of the main troubles of the organization is the lack of a clear delineation of tasks and service functions of employees. It often happens that employees know their job responsibilities only in general terms. This leads to the fact that there are temptations to transfer responsibility for the failure to perform work on someone else's shoulders and unjustifiably duplicate managerial actions. To avoid these troubles, it is necessary to clearly define the scope of duties and responsibilities of each employee, create clear and unambiguous job descriptions.

Blaming others. Finding a scapegoat is completely unproductive. At the same time, your energy is directed to the past, although nothing can be corrected. It is much more productive to focus activities on the future. The task of the manager is to establish the objective causes of failure and find ways to eliminate them, and not to look for a "scapegoat".

I would like to finish the discussion of typical managerial mistakes next question. Why, in spite of their obviousness, in spite of enough simple ways eliminate them, do these errors still occur? Maybe there is something that, contrary to the evidence, makes a person act in a not the best way? There really is such a thing. But more on that in the next article.

Veresov Nikolai Nikolaevich, Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Doctor of Philosophy