This is a set of individual mental properties of a person, which are formed in activity and manifested in behavior.
The main feature and difference of character from concepts synonymous with it in that character Always manifested in activities, in relation to and behavior of a person.
We judge a person's character based on his actions and deeds. For example, we say that a person responsible, purposeful, determined, if, for example, his attitude and behavior in work, the team corresponds to these manifestations.
form only stable and stable characteristics for a given person, for example, even very cheerful people can experience a feeling of sadness, but this will not make them whiners and pessimists.

character building

The formation of character occurs under the influence of various social groups: family, school, group of friends, institute, work team.

The very first influence on a child is exerted by parents and family, and therefore it is very important what foundations are laid for a small child.
Throughout life, character changes. The development of character is influenced by life circumstances, lifestyle, development of views and values ​​of a person.

Character traits- These are the mental properties of a person that determine his behavior in typical circumstances.
There are different classifications of character traits.

In one of the classifications, character traits are associated with mental processes and allocate volitional, emotional and intellectual traits.
– Volitional character traits: determination, perseverance, self-control, independence, activity, organization, etc.
–Emotional character traits: impulsiveness, impressionability, ardor, inertia, indifference, responsiveness, etc.
–Intellectual Traits: thoughtfulness, ingenuity, resourcefulness, curiosity, etc.

In another classification, character traits are distinguished by the nature of a person's attitude to activity, to other people, to himself and to things.
–In relation to a person to other people: sociability, kindness, responsiveness, respect, etc.
–In relation to work: diligence, responsibility, initiative, perseverance, etc.
–Man's relation to himself: self-respect, self-criticism, conceit, egocentrism, etc.
–In relation to man to things: neatness, frugality, carelessness, etc.

Character and temperament

Temperament and character are interrelated in the structure of personality, but they also have a number of fundamental differences:

–character has a social nature (it is formed during life), temperament has a biological nature (it is laid down at birth).
- character changes, temperament remains stable

Temperament influences the development of individual character traits. Some properties of temperament contribute to the formation of certain character traits, while others counteract. For example, a phlegmatic temperament does not contribute to the formation of irascibility and irritability.

The dynamic features of the manifestation of character also depend on temperament. For example, irascibility will be more pronounced in a choleric person than in a sanguine person.

And, in turn, depending on a number of character traits, a person can restrain manifestations of temperament that are undesirable under the given circumstances. For example, restraint and tact can restrain manifestations of choleric temperament.

Character types

There are a number of theories that offer a description of the types of characters.
E. Kretschmer described 3 types of character, depending on the type of physique of a person. Types of characters according to Kretschmer: schizothymic (asthenic), ixothymic (athletic), cyclothymic (picnic)

German psychologist Carl Leonhard described 12 character types of accentuated personalities. Accentuation is a pointed character trait that is between the norm and pathology (psychopathy).

Later his ideas were developed A.E.Lichko, but his typology of characters refers more and more to the pathology of characters.

Erich Fromm- a well-known representative of neo-Freudianism brought out the following main types social characters: "masochist-sadist", "destroyer", "conformist-machine".

Carl Jung- a Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist - proposed his theory of personality types, depending on the allocation of a person's dominant mental function (thinking / feeling, intuition / sensation) and focus on the external or internal world (extrovertive and introvertive types).

Subsequently, the ideas of Carl Jung were developed Isabelle Myers Briggs. She proposed a theory of types, in which she described 16 personality types - 16 types of human characters.

By studying the characteristics of the character of a particular person, it is possible to identify what qualities characterize a person. At the heart of their manifestation are the influence of individual experience, knowledge, abilities and capabilities of people. The list of biological features includes the innate characteristics of a person. Other personality traits acquired as a result of life:

• sociality

It means irreducibility to individual, biological characteristics of people, saturation with socio-cultural content.

• Uniqueness

Uniqueness and originality inner world a separate individual, his independence and impossibility to refer to this or that social or psychological type.

• transcendence

Willingness to go beyond one's "limits", constant self-improvement as a way of being, belief in the possibility of development and overcoming external and internal obstacles on the way to one's goal and, as a result, incompleteness, inconsistency and problematicness.

• Integrity and subjectivity

Internal unity and identity (equality to oneself) in any life situations.

• Activity and subjectivity

The ability to change oneself and the conditions of one's existence, independence from surrounding conditions, the ability to be a source of one's own activity, the cause of actions and the recognition of responsibility for the actions performed.

• Moral

The basis of interaction with the outside world, the willingness to treat other people as the highest value, equivalent to one's own, and not as a means to achieve goals.

List of qualities

The personality structure includes temperament, volitional qualities, abilities, character, emotions, social attitudes and motivation. And also separately the following qualities:

• Independence;
• Intellectual self-improvement;
• Communication;
• Kindness;
• industriousness;
• Honesty;
• Purposefulness;
• Responsibility;
• Respect;
• Confidence;
• Discipline;
• Humanity;
• Mercy;
• Curiosity;
• Objectivity.

The personal qualities of a person are internal perception and external manifestations. External manifestation includes a list of indicators:

• congenital or acquired artistry;
• attractive appearance and sense of style;
• ability and distinct pronunciation of speech;
• intelligent and sophisticated approach to .

The main qualities of a person (her inner world) can be classified according to a number of criteria:

• a comprehensive assessment of the situation and the absence of conflicting perceptions of information;
• inherent love for people;
• unbiased thinking;
• positive form of perception;
• wise judgment.

The level of these indicators determines the individual characteristics of the student.

The structure of individual qualities

For more exact definition qualities of a person's personality, it is necessary to highlight his biological structure. It consists of 4 levels:

1. Temperament, including characteristics of genetic predisposition (nervous system).
2. The degree of unique mental processes that allows you to determine the personal qualities of a person. The level of individual perception, imagination, manifestation of volitional signs, feelings and attention affects the result.
3. The experience of people, characterized by knowledge, abilities, capabilities and habits.
4. Indicators of social orientation, including the attitude of the subject to the external environment. The development of personal qualities acts as a guiding and regulating factor in behavior - interests and attitudes, beliefs and attitudes (a state of consciousness based on previous experience, a regulatory attitude and), moral norms.

Features of people that characterize their temperament

The innate qualities of a person form him as a social being. Behavioral factors, type of activity and social circle are taken into account. The category is shared by 4 concepts: sanguine, melancholic, choleric and phlegmatic.

• Sanguine - easily adapting to a new habitat and overcoming obstacles. Sociability, responsiveness, openness, cheerfulness and leadership are the main personality traits.
• Melancholic - weak and inactive. Under the influence of strong stimuli, behavioral disturbances occur, manifested by a passive attitude to any activity. Closure, pessimism, anxiety, a tendency to reason and touchiness are characteristic features of melancholic people.
• Cholerics are strong, unbalanced, energetic personality traits. They are short-tempered and unrestrained. Resentment, impulsiveness, emotionality and instability are clear indicators of a restless temperament.
• Phlegmatic - a balanced, inert and slow personality, not inclined to change. Personal indicators act in easy overcoming of negative factors. Reliability, goodwill, peacefulness and prudence are the hallmarks of calm people.

Individual character traits

Character is a set of traits of an individual, which are manifested in different types activities, communication and relationships with people. The development of personal qualities is formed against the background of life processes and the type of activity of people. For a more accurate assessment of the nature of people, behavioral factors in specific circumstances should be studied in detail.

Varieties of character:

• cycloid - changeability of mood;
• hyperthymic accentuation consists in high activity, failure to complete things;
• asthenic - capricious and depressive personal qualities;
• sensitive - timid personality;
• hysterical - the makings of leadership and vanity;
• distimic - focused on the negative side of current events.

Individual abilities of people

Individual psychological qualities of a person contribute to the achievement of success and perfection in a certain activity. They are determined by the social and historical practice of the individual, the results of the interactions of biological and mental indicators.

There are different skill levels:

1. giftedness;
2. talent;
3. genius.

The development of the algorithm of personal qualities and abilities of people is characterized by the ability to learn new things in the mental sphere. Special features are manifested in a specific type of activity (musical, artistic, pedagogical, etc.).

Volitional traits of people

Adjustment of behavioral factors associated with overcoming internal and external discomfort makes it possible to determine personal qualities: the level of efforts and plans for taking actions, concentration in a given direction. Will manifests itself in the following properties:

• - the level of effort to achieve the desired result;
• perseverance - the ability to mobilize to overcome troubles;
• endurance is the ability to limit feelings, thoughts and actions.

Courage, self-control, commitment are the personal qualities of strong-willed people. They are classified into simple and complex acts. In a simple case, urges to action flow into its execution automatically. Complex acts are carried out on the basis of drawing up a plan and taking into account the consequences.

human feelings

The persistent attitude of people to real or imaginary objects arise and are formed on the basis of the cultural and historical level. Only the ways of their manifestation, based on historical epochs, change. are individual.

Personality motivations

Motives and motivations that contribute to the activation of actions are formed from. The stimulating qualities of a person are conscious and unconscious.

They appear as:

• striving for success;
• avoiding trouble;
• getting power, etc.

How to manifest and how to recognize personality traits

The personal qualities of an individual are determined by analyzing behavioral factors:

• self-esteem. manifest themselves in relation to themselves: modest or confident, arrogant and self-critical, decisive and brave, people with high level self-control or lack of will;
• assessment of the relationship of the individual to society. There are different degrees of the relationship of the subject with representatives of society: honest and fair, sociable and polite, tactful, rude, etc.;
• a unique personality is determined by the level of interests in the labor, educational, sports or creative field;
• clarification of the position of the individual in society occurs in a close relationship of opinion about it;
• when studying psychological factors, Special attention given to memory, thinking and attention, characterizing the development of personal qualities;
• observation of the emotional perception of situations allows you to assess the reaction of the individual when solving problems or its absence;
• measuring the level of responsibility. The main qualities of a serious personality are manifested in labor activity in the form of a creative approach, enterprise, initiative and bringing things to the desired result.

An overview of the individual characteristics of people helps to create an overall picture of behavior in professional and social sphere. Under the concept of "personality" is a person with individual properties, due to the social environment. These include personality traits: intelligence, emotions and will.

Grouping features that contribute to personality recognition:

• subjects who are aware of the presence of their inherent social traits;
• people participating in the social and cultural life of society;
• personal qualities and character of a person are easy to determine in a social relationship through communication and the labor sphere;
• individuals who are clearly aware of their peculiarity and significance in the public.

Personal and professional qualities of a person are manifested in the formation of a worldview and internal perception. The individual always asks philosophical questions about life, his significance in society. He has his own ideas, views and life positions that influence

The positive and negative qualities of a person are determined by the psychology of the individual and his body constitution. The system of properties and qualities of character is imprinted on the manifestation of personal characteristics.

Important! Character static is determined nervous system, and its dynamics - external factors!

List of negative personality traits

• Bad qualities of a proud person are manifested in the opinion that the whole world exists for his sake and everything should happen according to his whims and for his pleasure.
• Lust for power is the tendency of people to thirst, with or without reason, to command, control everything and everyone.
• Selfishness and vanity is a concentration on one's needs and an excessive love for honors.
• The bad qualities of a jealous person are a feeling of envy for the apparent or imagined success of an opponent, especially in the field of love for an object.
• Resentment is an attempt to attract attention and get more than a person is willing to give.
• Envy is a feeling of annoyance caused by the well-being, success of another person.
• Vindictiveness is the desire and readiness to respond with evil to the harm done, regardless of the expediency in this.
• The bad qualities of a cruel person are the desire to cause suffering to any living being.

List of positive personality traits

The formation of a noble and bright image is achieved with the help of a number of individual psychological abilities of the individual:

• Certainty is the accuracy and clarity of thought, the absence of inconsistency and confusion in the elements of thought and the thoughts themselves.
• Stress resistance is a good human trait that is highly valued due to the ability to withstand strong negative emotional influences that cause high mental tension.
• Mindfulness is the ability to listen to another person.
• Compassion is pity and sympathy caused by the misfortune of other people.
• Respect is the best qualities of a person, which lie in the ability to reckon with the interests of others.
• Spiritual generosity is the ability to give one's strength, feelings and abilities to others.
• Industriousness is the readiness to act with full dedication in the performance of any work.
• Cheerfulness is a good quality of a positive person that helps to find bright positive aspects in all life situations.
• Honor is the inner moral dignity of a person.
• Gratitude is contentment with one's talents and gifts of nature without taking it for granted.
• Humility is the good qualities of a non-proud person who is ready to obey someone else's will.

What is most valued in women?

• Thrift is the ability to wisely dispose of one's property and one's spiritual strength.
• Meekness is gentleness of character.
• Tenderness is a manifestation of touching concern for a neighbor.
• Patience is the best quality strong man which is expressed in moral stability and clarity of mind.

What makes a perfect man?

• Courage is the ability to act in spite of despair.
• Wisdom is deep thinking and making decisions based on rich life experience.
• Reliability is the best quality responsible person, which includes the firmness of decision-making and the fulfillment of their promises.

Grouping behavioral factors

• The relationship of people to others. Sociability, sensitivity, kindness and respect are the main advantages of collectivism. The negative qualities of a person are a closed, callous, rude, deceitful, contemptuous manifestation inherent in individualism.
• Features that determine the approach to business. Creativity, responsibility and conscientiousness in the performance of tasks, the manifestation of initiative and perseverance are the positive qualities of a person.
  Unacceptable ones are manifested in the form of laziness, inertia and indifference.
• Attitude towards one's "I". The system of symptom complexes includes self-esteem and critical self-esteem. The positive qualities of a person are modesty and the absence of bad qualities - conceit, arrogance and vanity. Negative indicators include arrogant, touchy, shy and selfish inclinations.
• attitude towards things. Accuracy or disdain for material goods allow us to make an assessment of the nature of the individual.

Human behavior is dictated by generally accepted standards. From the moment of birth, each individual is assigned positive and negative qualities. Their manifestation is primarily due to education, as well as the ability to cope with critical situations.

Features of the physique and character of the personality

German psychologist Ernst Kretschmer put forward a theory that promotes grouping a list of bad and good sides based on a person's physique:

1. Asthenics (translated from Greek asthenic means weak) are thin individuals with an oblong face and limbs, poorly developed chest and muscles. They also belong to the group of schizothymic. The negative qualities of a person are manifested by isolation, seriousness, stubbornness, and a low level of adaptation to a new environment. Psychological disorders are accompanied by signs of schizophrenia.
2. Athletes (wrestlers) are tall people with broad shoulders, powerful chests and a strong skeleton, developed muscle tissues. The positive qualities of a person (iksotimika) are calmness and practicality, restraint. They are not impressionable and do not tolerate change. Mental disorders lead to epilepsy.
3. Picnics are full-bodied, kind people of medium height and short necks. Cyclothymics are distinguished by a wide face with small features. They are sociable and easily get in touch. The best qualities of a complete person are expressed by increased emotionality and easy adaptation to a new environment. Mental disorders are accompanied by manic depressive states.

Manifestation of negative qualities of people in various situations

Career. On the way to promotion the best qualities good man can replace hypocrisy, lies, vanity, hatred and arrogance.

Extreme situation. A feeling of fear for one's health and life can cause unexpected actions (deceitful, treacherous, cowardly, weak-willed, and others).

Relationship. A good example is jealousy, stupidity, greed, grouchiness and slovenliness. The bad qualities of a person are especially noticeable when living together with other people.

The manifestation of positive qualities of people in various situations

Extreme. Courageous, inventive, persistent and serious people enjoy great respect in society. This category includes loyal, reliable and responsive individuals who show their the best sides in a tense situation.

Significant other. Ideal relationships with loved ones require the cultivation of compliance, attentiveness and kindness. It is important to show tenderness, fidelity and patience - the main positive qualities of a person who is in a pair.

High post. When moving up the career ladder, a special indicator is moral stamina, a conscientious and hardworking attitude. The display of honest, punctual and tactful behavior is the ideal tactic of a conscientious employee.

Society attitude

According to the conventional wisdom, the good qualities of a person always lead to development. Unacceptable actions, on the contrary, are driven into a dead end. Appropriate and dignified behavior is highly valued. Fair, ambitious, and good relations are important indicators. Condemned - betrayal, pettiness, envy and indifference.

manifestation of dark and bright sides always evaluated in aggregate. There are no ideals. With good upbringing and compliance with all the parameters of a benefactor, the presence of bad habits relating to negative properties. Each individual has the right to independently choose the appropriate model of behavior throughout his life.

Character is an inseparable whole. But it is impossible to study and understand such a complex whole as character without highlighting individual aspects or typical manifestations (character traits) in it. Common traits of character are manifested in the relationship of the individual to social duties and duty, to people, to himself. The attitude to social duties and duty is primarily manifested in the attitude of the individual to social labor. In this regard, such character traits as diligence, conscientiousness, perseverance, thrift, and the opposite of them - laziness, negligence, passivity, wastefulness are revealed. A person's attitude to work has a decisive influence on the formation of his other personal qualities. D. I. Pisarev wrote: "Character is tempered by labor, and whoever has never earned his own daily food by his own labor, for the most part remains forever a weak, sluggish and spineless person." Attitude towards people clearly appears in such character traits as sociability, politeness, goodwill, etc. The antipodes of these traits are isolation, tactlessness, hostility. As V. Hugo stated, "every person has three characters: the one that is attributed to him; the one that he attributes to himself; and, finally, the one that is in reality." In order to clarify the essence of his character, it is useful for a person to know the opinion about himself of the team in which he works and spends a significant part of his life. And above all, how orderly his relations with people are, how much people need him, how authoritative he is among them. Attitude towards oneself is manifested in self-assessment of one's actions. Sober self-assessment is one of the conditions for personal development, helping to develop such character traits as modesty, adherence to principles, self-discipline. negative traits character are heightened conceit, arrogance and boasting. A person with these traits is usually quarrelsome in a team, involuntarily creates pre-conflict and conflict situations in it. Another extreme in a person's character is also undesirable: underestimation of one's own merits, timidity in expressing one's positions, in defending one's views. Modesty and self-criticism should be combined with a heightened sense of self-worth, based on the awareness of the real significance of one's personality, on the presence of certain successes in work on general benefit. Principle is one of the valuable personal qualities that give the character an active orientation. Volitional character traits. Will is understood as complex mental process, which causes the activity of a person and awakens him to act directionally. Will is the ability of a person to overcome obstacles, to achieve the goal. Specifically, she acts in such character traits as purposefulness, determination, perseverance, courage. These character traits can contribute to the achievement of both socially useful and anti-social goals. To do this, it is important to determine what the motive of a person's volitional behavior is. "A brave act, the motive of which is to enslave another person, to seize someone else's property, to promote oneself, and a brave act, the motive of which is to help the common cause, of course, have completely different psychological qualities." According to volitional activity, characters are divided into strong and weak. People with a strong character have stable goals, are proactive, boldly make decisions and implement them, have great endurance, are courageous and courageous. People in whom these qualities are weakly expressed or some of them are absent are classified as weak-character. They are characterized by a passive manifestation of their business and personal qualities. Often such people, having the best intentions, do not achieve significant results in work, study. Many of them sincerely experience their inability to act independently, persistently and decisively.

Volitional qualities can be cultivated in a person. IP Pavlov emphasized that a person is the only system capable of regulating itself within wide limits, that is, it can improve itself. Weak people with thoughtful pedagogical work can become active with them. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of a person, for example, his temperament. So, it is easier for a choleric person to develop activity and determination than for a melancholic person. A person himself must train his will from a young age, develop such qualities as self-control, activity, courage.

The most objective and irrefutable data about a person's character is provided not by his passport data, not by the features of his external appearance, not by his involuntary actions, but by conscious behavior. It is precisely by the fact that a person chooses not from possible actions in a given situation that his character is assessed. The nature of a person is quite multifaceted. This can be seen already in the process of activity: one does everything quickly, the other slowly and thoroughly, thinks carefully, acting for sure, and the third immediately grabs work without thinking, and only after a certain period of time, without solving the problem from a swoop, looks around and coordinates its actions, taking into account the circumstances. These features, distinguished in human behavior, are called traits, or sides, of character. Any trait is some stable stereotype of behavior.

However, character traits cannot be pulled out of the typical situations in which they appear, in some situations even a polite person can be rude. Therefore, any a character trait is a stable form of behavior in connection with specific, typical situations for this type of behavior.

According to Yu.M. Orlov, along with situations in which a certain trait of a person is found, its essential characteristic is the probability that this species behavior in this situation will take place. One can talk about any trait as a stable characteristic of a person if the probability of its manifestation in a certain situation is high enough. However, the probability means that this feature is not always manifested, otherwise it would just be a matter of mechanical behavior. Such an understanding of character traits is very similar to the manifestation of a person's habit: in certain conditions, to act in a certain way. A character trait includes a certain way of thinking, understanding. In the performance of a characteristic act, volitional mechanisms are turned on, feelings are involved. Conditioning a person's behavior, a character trait in behavior is formed. The formation of character traits cannot be divorced from the formation of behavioral motives. The motives of behavior, being realized in action, being fixed in it, are fixed in the character. Each effective motive that acquires stability, according to S.L. Rubinshtein, is potentially a future character trait in its origin and development, in motives character traits appear for the first time in the form of tendencies, the action then leads them to stable properties. The path to the formation of character traits lies, therefore, through the formation of appropriate motives for behavior and the organization of actions aimed at consolidating them.

Most general properties character are arranged along the axes: strength - weakness; hardness - softness; integrity - inconsistency; breadth - narrowness. If strength of character is understood as the energy with which a person pursues goals, his ability to get passionately carried away and develop a great effort of strength when meeting difficulties, the ability to overcome them, then weakness of character is associated with the manifestation of cowardice, indecision, “asthenicity” in achieving goals, instability of views, etc. Firmness of character means rigid consistency, perseverance in achieving goals, defending views, etc., while softness of character is manifested in flexible adaptation to changing conditions, achieving a goal through some concessions, finding reasonable compromises. The integrity or inconsistency of character is determined by the degree of combination of leading and secondary character traits. If the leading and secondary harmonize, if there are no contradictions in aspirations and interests, then such a character is called integral, but if they contrast sharply, then contradictory.

At the same time, the unity, versatility of character does not exclude the fact that in different situations the same person manifests different and even opposite properties. A person can be both very gentle and very demanding, soft, compliant and at the same time firm to the point of inflexibility. And the unity of his character can not only be preserved in spite of this, but it is precisely in this that it manifests itself.

Of great importance for characterological manifestations is the relationship of intellectual personality traits. The depth and sharpness of thought, the unusual posing of the question and its solution. Intellectual initiative, confidence and independence of thought - all this constitutes the originality of the mind as one of the sides of character. However, how a person uses his mental faculties will depend significantly on character. Often there are people who have highly intellectual data, but do not give anything of value precisely because of their characterological features.

The real achievements of a person do not depend on some abstractly taken mental capabilities, but on a specific combination of his features and characterological properties.

However, most of the individual manifestations that form the character of a person are complex and practically cannot be classified according to individual properties and states (for example, vindictiveness, suspicion, generosity, etc.). At the same time, individual qualities of the volitional (decisiveness, independence, etc.) and intellectual (depth of mind, criticality, etc.) spheres can be considered as components of a person’s character traits and used for his analysis. All character traits have a natural relationship with each other.

In the very general view character traits can be divided into main, leading, setting the general direction for the development of the entire complex of its manifestations, and secondary, determined by the main ones.

Knowledge of the leading features allows you to reflect the main essence of the character, to show its main manifestations.

Although every character trait reflects one of the manifestations of a person's attitude to reality, this does not mean that every attitude will be a character trait. Only some relationships, depending on the conditions, become character traits.

From the totality of the relationship of the individual to the surrounding reality, it is necessary to single out the character-forming forms of relations that are the decisive, paramount and general vital importance of those objects to which the person belongs. These relationships simultaneously serve as the basis for the classification of the most important character traits. The character of a person is manifested in the system of relations:

1. In relation to other people (at the same time, such character traits as sociability - isolation, truthfulness - deceit, tact - rudeness, etc. can be distinguished)

2. In relation to the case (responsibility - dishonesty, diligence - laziness, etc.).

3. In relation to oneself (modesty - narcissism, self-criticism - self-confidence, etc.)

4. In relation to property (generosity - greed, thrift - extravagance, accuracy - slovenliness, etc.). It should be noted a certain conventionality of this classification and a close relationship, the interpenetration of these aspects of relations.

5. Despite the fact that these relationships are the most important from the point of view of character formation, they do not simultaneously and immediately become character traits. There is a certain sequence in the transition of these relations into character traits, and in this sense it is impossible to put in the same row, for example, the attitude towards other people and the attitude towards property, because their very content plays a different role in the real existence of man. A decisive role in the formation of character is played by the attitude of a person to society, to people. The character of a person cannot be revealed and understood outside the collective, without taking into account his attachments in the form of camaraderie, friendship, love, etc.

The relationship of a person with other people is decisive in relation to activity, giving rise to increased activity, tension, rationalization or, on the contrary, calmness, lack of initiative. The attitude to other people and to activity, in turn, determines the attitude of a person to his own personality, to himself. The correct, evaluative attitude towards another person is the main condition for self-esteem.

The attitude towards other people is not only an important part of the character, but also forms the basis for the formation of the consciousness of the individual, necessarily including the attitude towards oneself as an actor, which depends primarily on the very form of activity. When an activity changes, not only the subject, methods and operations of this activity change, but at the same time the attitude towards oneself as an actor is restructured.

We can safely call each person unique in one way or another. What makes him so? Everything is very simple, a combination of external data and character traits, with the help of which a person appears before you in his usual state. The list of qualities can be continued indefinitely - they provide the individuality of a person, allowing him to differ from other people. In fact, it is not so easy to take and count the number of characteristic features that this or that person possesses. Is it necessary to consider only good qualities? Maybe we should put bad characteristics at the head? It is very important to adequately characterize a person, evaluate him and understand at the same time that a person cannot have only a good set of qualities or only bad ones.

List of human qualities

Why make all these lists and enumerations at all? Psychologists say that thanks to all these lists, it is possible to analyze and highlight a number of aspects. When compiling a list of the qualities of another person, we ourselves, in one way or another, will strive to analyze ourselves, although this happens completely unconsciously, but still. You can find weaknesses and turn them into strengths, gradually get rid of shortcomings and continue to confidently work on yourself.

Positive character traits

It is impossible to list all the advantages, there are a lot of them. In fact, even more than you can imagine. Some characteristics allow you to interact with people, while others allow you to perfectly cope with the task set by the boss at work. Let's designate a number of key positive qualities of a person:

• kindness. This quality lives in each of us, but in modern society there is a stereotype that it’s not possible to meet good man. The problem lies in the crazy pace of life, which dictates its own conditions and quite often locks a person into a framework. Take a look around, what do you see? There are only egocentrists around who believe that the world should revolve only around them. But you can always find this quality in yourself and try to develop it;
• sense of humor. One great classic called the quality called "gaiety" outstanding. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that a person can cheer up people who are nearby, relieving them of depressing thoughts. It’s nice to be in the same room with such people, they charge you with positive and set the right mood in life, allowing you to just enjoy life without paying attention to what is happening around;
• determination. Thanks to this quality, you can feel like an independent person, because many people associate decisiveness with the absence of a sense of fear;
• purposefulness. It is important to set a goal and confidently go towards its achievement, so the owners of this quality can be safely called lucky;
• feeling of compassion. This quality is valued in our time, because if a person knows how to empathize and support a loved one in a difficult moment, he greatly alleviates his suffering and shares problems;
• politeness. This character trait in the eyes of others represents a person as tactful, balanced and not going to conflict. It is very important to always maintain composure and look decent;
• sociability. If a person knows how to quickly establish contacts and make friends, then he is a sociable person who will achieve a lot in life and go far;
• punctuality. In a world where everyone is late and doesn't care to follow the rules, this quality allows you to stand out from the crowd. Such people know how to plan their time, they appreciate in people the ability to do everything on time and follow the rules;
• self-criticism. Each of us must adequately assess the situation and be able to laugh at ourselves. This characterizes you as a strong and self-confident person who is not afraid to admit her mistake and say publicly that she did something wrong;
• modesty. A person who does not exalt himself and does not put above everyone else looks worthy. And this is despite the fact that he has something to brag about and stand out from the crowd. It is always pleasant to communicate with people who have achieved a lot and at the same time do not seek to talk about their person at every step;
• confidence. The quality that everyone aspires to. It is so important to be 100% sure that you are doing everything right. Such persons are not afraid to express their opinion in public, they know how to manage emotions and in stressful situations make the only right decision.

Negative human traits

At different ages, a person is able to show, along with positive qualities, also bad ones that characterize him from the other side. Why do these qualities arise?

Parents could make mistakes in raising a child, or a person always showed a tendency to unseemly behavior. Despite this. Even with bad heredity it is possible and necessary to fight, now we will consider a number of negative qualities of a human character:

• irascibility. Usually people who have this quality do not know how to control their emotions, they are unrestrained and cause problems to everyone around. It is necessary to try to restrain your emotional manifestations, to fulfill these promises;
• envy. This quality is not in vain called one of the worst character traits that harms the development of a person as a person. Someone is more beautiful, richer, smarter - it means that you should definitely envy the person and some people even try to do everything possible to poison the life of the object of their envy. You should not pay attention to the successes of other people, you need to confidently work on yourself;
• arrogance. It is very difficult to contact such people in Everyday life, they consider themselves better than others and do not get tired of repeating it. If you do not stop in time and do not try to get rid of arrogance, relatives and friends may turn away from you forever;
• selfishness. Such persons are doomed to die in splendid isolation, and all because they think only of themselves and take care only of themselves. Sooner or later, friends and relatives will turn away from you, who will simply get bored, they constantly take care of you;
• arrogance. Such persons are always looked down upon and therefore no one likes them. If you do not stop behaving arrogantly and will live in splendid isolation, without friends and girlfriends, without support from others;
• hypocrisy. A person who says one thing in his eyes and another behind his back will sooner or later compromise himself with something, and then a scandal will definitely not be avoided. It is necessary to make every effort to eradicate this bad quality in yourself;
• pessimism. Often such people complain to others about life, they are constantly dissatisfied with something, and the nerves of those around them give up very quickly. No one likes the fact that they always tell you their problems and try to blame the whole world for their failures. Remember one very important rule: if you initially set yourself up for failure, be prepared for the fact that it will stay with you for a long time;
• laziness. No one likes lazy people, and no one will work for you either. After all, such a person, in order to do nothing, will surely find a million excuses for himself. If you do not stop spending all your free time on the couch, you will remain an unsuccessful person who will not achieve anything in life;
• impudence. It will not be difficult for such people to achieve their goal, you can always go over their heads, not paying attention to other people's principles and ambitions. Nobody likes impudent people, and everyone around them treats them with characteristic aggressiveness;
• infantilism. It is very convenient in our society to be a capricious, spoiled person who shows his immaturity in making even the most banal decisions. Surrounding people shun such people so that once again they do not have to solve their problems;
• cruelty. One of the worst human qualities, because such people are capable of any actions and deeds. It all starts in childhood, when a child deliberately tortures an animal, then teases classmates and, in adulthood, behaves cruelly towards work colleagues.

Everyone has the right to decide for himself which qualities to develop in himself, and which ones need to be eradicated as soon as possible. One thing is clear, if you stand still and take absolutely no action, your unpleasant baggage of personal qualities and characteristics will remain with you. It is necessary to work on yourself every day, because depending on the circumstances, certain characteristics appear and it is not always possible to control them in moments of overwhelming emotions. On the other hand, you should definitely make every effort if you realize that you are behaving incorrectly. Positive features character should be developed, negative ones should be actively fought - everything is very simple. If you don't like something, you can always correct it or fix it altogether. You cannot characterize a person as “bad” or “good”, give him some other assessment, because everything in this world is relative. A person who is engaged in self-development will never be guided by someone else's opinion and consider it the only correct one. Remember that everything in this life depends only on you and the decisions you make. There are bad and good qualities in each of us, but we have the right to dose them, revealing the facets of our character every day from a new perspective.