As a rule, it is mathematics, and not physics, that is considered to be the queen of the exact sciences. We believe that this statement is disputable, because technical progress is impossible without knowledge of physics and its development. Due to its complexity, it is unlikely to ever be included in the list of mandatory state exams, but, one way or another, applicants for technical specialties have to take it without fail. The most difficult thing to remember are the numerous laws and formulas in physics for the Unified State Examination, and we will talk about them in this article.

Secrets of preparation

Perhaps this is due to the apparent complexity of the subject or the popularity of humanitarian and managerial professions, but in 2016 only 24% of all applicants decided to take physics, in 2017 - only 16%. Such statistics involuntarily make one wonder if the requirements are too high or if the level of intelligence in the country is falling. For some reason, I can’t believe that so few 11th grade students want to become:

• engineers;
• jewelers;
• aircraft designers;
• geologists;
• pyrotechnics;
• environmentalists,
• production technologists, etc.

Knowledge of the formulas and laws of physics is equally necessary for developers of intelligent systems, computer science, equipment and weapons. At the same time, everything is interconnected. So, for example, specialists producing medical equipment once studied an in-depth course in atomic physics, because without isotope separation, we will not have either X-ray equipment or radiation therapy. Therefore, the creators of the USE tried to take into account all the topics of the school course and, it seems, did not miss a single one.

Those students who regularly attended all physics lessons up to last call, know that in the period from 5 to 11 grade, about 450 formulas are studied. It is extremely difficult to single out at least 50 of these four and a half hundred, since they are all important. This opinion is apparently also shared by the developers of the Codifier. However, if you are unusually gifted and not limited in time, 19 formulas will be enough for you, because if you wish, you can derive all the rest from them. As a basis, we decided to take the main sections:

• mechanics;
• molecular physics;
• electromagnetism and electricity;
• optics;
• atomic physics.

Obviously, preparation for the exam should be daily, but if for some reason you started studying all the material just now, the express course offered by our center can make a real miracle. We hope these 19 formulas will also be useful to you:

You probably noticed that some physics formulas for passing the exam left without explanation? We leave it to you to study them and discover for yourself the laws by which absolutely everything is done in this world.

Cheat sheet with formulas in physics for the exam

and not only (may need 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 classes).

For starters, a picture that can be printed in a compact form.

Mechanics

1. Pressure P=F/S
2. Density ρ=m/V
3. Pressure at the depth of the liquid P=ρ∙g∙h
4. Gravity Ft=mg
5. 5. Archimedean force Fa=ρ w ∙g∙Vt
6. Equation of motion for uniformly accelerated motion

X=X0 + υ 0∙t+(a∙t 2)/2 S=( υ 2 -υ 0 2) /2а S=( υ +υ 0) ∙t /2

1. Velocity equation for uniformly accelerated motion υ =υ 0 +a∙t
2. Acceleration a=( υ -υ 0)/t
3. Circular speed υ =2πR/T
4. Centripetal acceleration a= υ 2/R
5. Relationship between period and frequency ν=1/T=ω/2π
6. Newton's II law F=ma
7. Hooke's law Fy=-kx
8. Law of universal gravitation F=G∙M∙m/R 2
9. The weight of a body moving with acceleration a P \u003d m (g + a)
10. The weight of a body moving with acceleration a ↓ P \u003d m (g-a)
11. Friction force Ffr=µN
12. Body momentum p=m υ
13. Force impulse Ft=∆p
14. Moment M=F∙ℓ
15. Potential energy body raised above the ground Ep=mgh
16. Potential energy of elastically deformed body Ep=kx 2 /2
17. Kinetic energy of the body Ek=m υ 2 /2
18. Work A=F∙S∙cosα
19. Power N=A/t=F∙ υ
20. Efficiency η=Ap/Az
21. Oscillation period of the mathematical pendulum T=2π√ℓ/g
22. Oscillation period of a spring pendulum T=2 π √m/k
23. The equation of harmonic oscillations Х=Хmax∙cos ωt
24. Relationship of the wavelength, its speed and period λ= υ T

Molecular physics and thermodynamics

1. Amount of substance ν=N/ Na
2. Molar mass M=m/ν
3. Wed. kin. energy of monatomic gas molecules Ek=3/2∙kT
4. Basic equation of MKT P=nkT=1/3nm 0 υ 2
5. Gay–Lussac's law ( isobaric process) V/T = const
6. Charles' law (isochoric process) P/T =const
7. Relative humidity φ=P/P 0 ∙100%
8. Int. ideal energy. monatomic gas U=3/2∙M/µ∙RT
9. Gas work A=P∙ΔV
10. Boyle's law - Mariotte (isothermal process) PV=const
11. The amount of heat during heating Q \u003d Cm (T 2 -T 1)
12. The amount of heat during melting Q=λm
13. The amount of heat during vaporization Q=Lm
14. The amount of heat during fuel combustion Q=qm
15. The equation of state for an ideal gas is PV=m/M∙RT
16. First law of thermodynamics ΔU=A+Q
17. Efficiency of heat engines η= (Q 1 - Q 2) / Q 1
18. Ideal efficiency. engines (Carnot cycle) η \u003d (T 1 - T 2) / T 1

Electrostatics and electrodynamics - formulas in physics

1. Coulomb's law F=k∙q 1 ∙q 2 /R 2
2. Electric field strength E=F/q
3. Email tension. field of a point charge E=k∙q/R 2
4. Surface charge density σ = q/S
5. Email tension. fields of the infinite plane E=2πkσ
6. Dielectric constant ε=E 0 /E
7. Potential energy of interaction. charges W= k∙q 1 q 2 /R
8. Potential φ=W/q
9. Point charge potential φ=k∙q/R
10. Voltage U=A/q
11. For a uniform electric field U=E∙d
12. Electric capacity C=q/U
13. Capacitance of a flat capacitor C=S∙ ε ∙ε 0/d
14. Energy of a charged capacitor W=qU/2=q²/2С=CU²/2
15. Current I=q/t
16. Conductor resistance R=ρ∙ℓ/S
17. Ohm's law for the circuit section I=U/R
18. The laws of the last compounds I 1 \u003d I 2 \u003d I, U 1 + U 2 \u003d U, R 1 + R 2 \u003d R
19. Parallel laws. conn. U 1 \u003d U 2 \u003d U, I 1 + I 2 \u003d I, 1 / R 1 + 1 / R 2 \u003d 1 / R
20. Power electric current P=I∙U
21. Joule-Lenz law Q=I 2 Rt
22. Ohm's law for a complete chain I=ε/(R+r)
23. Short circuit current (R=0) I=ε/r
24. Magnetic induction vector B=Fmax/ℓ∙I
25. Ampere Force Fa=IBℓsin α
26. Lorentz force Fл=Bqυsin α
27. Magnetic flux Ф=BSсos α Ф=LI
28. Law of electromagnetic induction Ei=ΔФ/Δt
29. EMF of induction in moving conductor Ei=Вℓ υ sinα
30. EMF of self-induction Esi=-L∙ΔI/Δt
31. The energy of the magnetic field of the coil Wm \u003d LI 2 / 2
32. Oscillation period count. contour T=2π ∙√LC
33. Inductive reactance X L =ωL=2πLν
34. Capacitance Xc=1/ωC
35. The current value of the current Id \u003d Imax / √2,
36. RMS voltage Ud=Umax/√2
37. Impedance Z=√(Xc-X L) 2 +R 2

Optics

1. The law of refraction of light n 21 \u003d n 2 / n 1 \u003d υ 1 / υ 2
2. Refractive index n 21 =sin α/sin γ
3. Thin lens formula 1/F=1/d + 1/f
4. Optical power of the lens D=1/F
5. max interference: Δd=kλ,
6. min interference: Δd=(2k+1)λ/2
7. Differential grating d∙sin φ=k λ

The quantum physics

1. Einstein's formula for the photoelectric effect hν=Aout+Ek, Ek=U ze
2. Red border of the photoelectric effect ν to = Aout/h
3. Photon momentum P=mc=h/ λ=E/s

Physics of the atomic nucleus

The session is approaching, and it's time for us to move from theory to practice. Over the weekend, we sat down and thought that many students would do well to have a collection of basic physics formulas handy. Dry formulas with explanation: short, concise, nothing more. A very useful thing when solving problems, you know. Yes, and in the exam, when exactly what was cruelly memorized the day before can “jump out” of my head, such a selection will serve you well.

Most of the tasks are usually given in the three most popular sections of physics. This Mechanics, thermodynamics And Molecular physics, electricity. Let's take them!

Basic formulas in physics dynamics, kinematics, statics

Let's start with the simplest. Good old favorite rectilinear and uniform movement.

Kinematic formulas:

Of course, let's not forget about the movement in a circle, and then move on to the dynamics and Newton's laws.

After the dynamics, it's time to consider the conditions for the equilibrium of bodies and liquids, i.e. statics and hydrostatics

Now we give the basic formulas on the topic "Work and energy". Where would we be without them!

Basic formulas of molecular physics and thermodynamics

Let's finish the section of mechanics with formulas for vibrations and waves and move on to molecular physics and thermodynamics.

Efficiency, Gay-Lussac's law, the Clapeyron-Mendeleev equation - all these sweet formulas are collected below.

By the way! There is a discount for all our readers 10% on .

Basic formulas in physics: electricity

It's time to move on to electricity, although thermodynamics loves it less. Let's start with electrostatics.

And, to the drum roll, we finish with the formulas for Ohm's law, electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic oscillations.

That's all. Of course, a whole mountain of formulas could be given, but this is useless. When there are too many formulas, you can easily get confused, and then completely melt the brain. We hope that our cheat sheet of basic formulas in physics will help you solve your favorite problems faster and more efficiently. And if you want to clarify something or have not found the formula you need: ask the experts student service. Our authors keep hundreds of formulas in their heads and click tasks like nuts. Contact us, and soon any task will be "too tough" for you.

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1 Formulas in physics that are recommended to be learned and mastered well for the successful passing of the exam. Version: 0.92β. Compiled by: Vaulin D.N. References: 1. Peryshkin A.V. Physics grade 7. Textbook for educational institutions. 13th edition, stereotypical. Moscow. Bustard Peryshkin A.V. Physics grade 8. Textbook for educational institutions. 12th edition, stereotypical. Moscow. Bustard Peryshkin A.V., Gutnik E.M. Physics grade 9. Textbook for educational institutions. 14th edition, stereotypical. Moscow. Bustard Myakishev G.Ya. etc. Physics. Mechanics grade 10. profile level. Textbook for educational institutions. 11th edition, stereotypical. Moscow. Bustard Myakishev G.Ya., Sinyakov A.Z. Physics. Molecular physics. Thermodynamics grade 10. profile level. Textbook for educational institutions. 13th edition, stereotypical. Moscow. Bustard Myakishev G.Ya., Sinyakov A.Z., Slobodskov B.A. Physics. Electrodynamics classes. profile level. Textbook for educational institutions. 11th edition, stereotypical. Moscow. Bustard Myakishev G.Ya., Sinyakov A.Z. Physics. Oscillations and waves Grade 11. profile level. Textbook for educational institutions. 9th edition, stereotypical. Moscow. Bustard Myakishev G.Ya., Sinyakov A.Z. Physics. Optics. Quantum physics grade 11. profile level. Textbook for educational institutions. 9th edition, stereotypical. Moscow. Bustard Formulas in bold are worth learning when formulas not highlighted in bold are already perfectly mastered. 7th grade. 1. Average speed: 2. Density: 3. Hooke's law: 4. Gravity:

2 5. Pressure: 6. Liquid column pressure: 7. Archimedean force: 8. Mechanical work: 9. Work power: 10. Moment of force: 11. Coefficient of performance (COP) of the mechanism: 12. Potential energy at constant: 13 .Kinetic energy: Grade 8. 14. The amount of heat required for heating: 15. The amount of heat released during combustion: 16. The amount of heat required for melting:

3 17. Relative air humidity: 18. Amount of heat required for steam formation: 19. Heat engine efficiency: 20. useful work heat engine: 21. Law of conservation of charge: 22. Current: 23. Voltage: 24. Resistance: 25. Total resistance series connection of conductors: 26. Total resistance of parallel connection of conductors: 27. Ohm's law for a circuit section:

4 28. Electric current power: 29. Joule-Lenz law: 30. Light reflection law: 31. Light refraction law: 32. Optical power of the lens: class 9. 33. Dependence of speed on time with uniformly accelerated motion: 34. Dependence of the radius vector on time with uniformly accelerated motion: 35. Newton's second law: 36. Newton's third law: 37. Law gravity:

5 38. Centripetal acceleration: 39. Momentum: 40. Law of energy change: 41. Relationship of period and frequency: 42. Relationship of wavelength and frequency: 43. Law of change of momentum: 44. Ampère's law: 45. Energy of the magnetic field of current: 46 Transformer formula: 47 RMS current: 48 RMS voltage:

6 49. Charge of a capacitor: 50. Capacitance of a flat capacitor: 51. Total capacitance of capacitors connected in parallel: 52. Energy of the electric field of a capacitor: 53. Thompson's formula: 54. Photon energy: 55. Absorption of a photon by an atom: 56. Communication of mass and energy: 1. Absorbed radiation dose: 2. Equivalent radiation dose:

7 57. Law of radioactive decay: Grade 10. 58. Angular velocity: 59. Relationship of speed with angular: 60. The law of addition of velocities: 61. Sliding friction force: 62. Resting friction force: 3. Environmental resistance force: [ 63. Potential energy of an extended spring: 4. Radius vector of the center of mass :

8 64. Amount of substance: 65. Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation: 66. Basic equation of molecular kinetic theory: 67. Particle concentration: 68. Relationship between average kinetic energy particles and gas temperature: 69. Gas internal energy: 70. Gas work: 71. First law of thermodynamics: 72. Carnot machine efficiency: 5. Thermal linear expansion: 6. Thermal volumetric expansion:

9 73. Coulomb's law: 74. Electric field strength: 75. Electric field strength of a point charge: 7. Electric field strength flux: 8. Gauss theorem: 76. Potential charge energy at constant: 77. Potential energy of interaction of bodies: 78. Potential energy of interaction of charges: 79. Potential: 80. Potential difference: 81. Relation of the intensity of a homogeneous electric field and voltage:

10 82. Total capacitance of series-connected capacitors: 83. Dependence of resistivity on temperature: 84. Kirchhoff's first rule: 85. Ohm's law for a complete circuit: 86. Kirchhoff's second rule: 87. Faraday's law: class 11. 9. Law of Biot-Savart-Laplace: 10. Magnetic induction of an endless wire: 88. Lorentz force:

11 89. Magnetic flux: 90. The law of electromagnetic induction: 91. Inductance: 92. The dependence of a quantity that changes according to a harmonic law on time: 93. The dependence of the rate of change of a quantity that changes according to a harmonic law on time: 94. The dependence of the acceleration of a change in a quantity that changes according to the harmonic law of time: 95. Period of oscillation of a thread pendulum: 96. Period of oscillation of a spring pendulum: 11. Capacitance: 12. Inductive resistance:

12 13. Resistance for alternating current: 97. Thin lens formula: 98. Interference maximum condition: 99. Interference minimum condition: 14. Lorentz transformation of coordinates: 15. Lorentz transformation of time: 16. Relativistic law of addition of velocities: 100. Dependence of body mass on speed: 17. Relativistic connection between energy and momentum:

13 101. Photoelectric effect equation: 102. Photoelectric effect red border: 103. De Broglie wavelength:

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Absolutely necessary so that a person who decides to study this science, armed with them, can feel in the world of physics like a fish in water. Without knowing the formulas, it is unthinkable to solve problems in physics. But it is almost impossible to remember all the formulas and it is important to know, especially for a young mind, where to find this or that formula and when to apply it.

The location of physical formulas in specialized textbooks is usually distributed among the corresponding sections among text information, so searching for them there can take quite a lot of time, and even more so if you suddenly need them urgently!

Presented below physics cheat sheets contain all the basic formulas from the course of physics that will be useful to students of schools and universities.

All formulas of the school course in physics from the site http://4ege.ru
I. Kinematics download
1. Basic concepts
2. Laws of addition of velocities and accelerations
3. Normal and tangential accelerations
4. Types of movements
4.1. Uniform movement
4.1.1. Uniform rectilinear motion
4.1.2. Uniform circular motion
4.2. Movement with constant acceleration
4.2.1. Uniformly accelerated motion
4.2.2. Uniformly slow motion
4.3. harmonic movement
II. Dynamics download
1. Newton's second law
2. The theorem on the motion of the center of mass
3. Newton's third law
4. Forces
5. Gravitational force
6. Forces acting through contact
III. Conservation laws. Work and power download
1. Momentum of a material point
2. Momentum of the system of material points
3. Theorem on the change in momentum of a material point
4. Theorem on the change in the momentum of a system of material points
5. Law of conservation of momentum
6. Work force
7. Power
8. Mechanical energy
9. Mechanical energy theorem
10. Law of conservation of mechanical energy
11. Dissipative forces
12. Methods for calculating work
13. Time Average Force
IV. Download statics and hydrostatics
1. Equilibrium conditions
2. Torque
3. Unstable balance, stable balance, indifferent balance
4. Center of mass, center of gravity
5. Force of hydrostatic pressure
6. Fluid pressure
7. Pressure at any point in the liquid
8, 9. Pressure in a homogeneous fluid at rest
10. Archimedean force
V. Thermal phenomena download
1. Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation
2. Dalton's Law
3. Basic equation of the MKT
4. Gas laws
5. First law of thermodynamics
6. Adiabatic process
7. Efficiency of a cyclic process (heat engine)
8. Saturated steam
VI. Electrostatics download
1. Coulomb's law
2. Principle of superposition
3. Electric field
3.1. The strength and potential of the electric field created by one point charge Q
3.2. The intensity and potential of the electric field created by a system of point charges Q1, Q2, ...
3.3. The intensity and potential of the electric field created by a ball uniformly charged over the surface
3.4. Strength and potential of a uniform electric field (created by a uniformly charged plane or a flat capacitor)
4. Potential energy of a system of electric charges
5. Electricity
6. Properties of a conductor in an electric field
VII. DC download
1.Ordered speed
2. Current
3. Current density
4. Ohm's law for a circuit section that does not contain EMF
5. Ohm's law for a circuit section containing EMF
6. Ohm's law for a complete (closed) circuit
7. Series connection of conductors
8. Parallel connection of conductors
9. Work and power of electric current
10. Efficiency of the electrical circuit
11. The condition for the allocation of maximum power to the load
12. Faraday's law for electrolysis
VIII. Magnetic phenomena download
1. Magnetic field
2. Movement of charges in a magnetic field
3. Frame with current in a magnetic field
4. Magnetic fields created by various currents
5. Interaction of currents
6. The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction
7. The phenomenon of self-induction
IX. Oscillations and waves download
1. Fluctuations, definitions
2. Harmonic vibrations
3. The simplest oscillatory systems
4. Wave
X. Optics download
1. Law of reflection
2. Law of refraction
3. Lens
4. Image
5. Possible cases of the location of the subject
6. Interference
7. Diffraction

Big physics cheat sheet. All formulas are presented in a compact form with a few comments. The cheat sheet also contains useful constants and other information. The file contains the following sections of physics:

Mechanics (kinematics, dynamics and statics)


Molecular physics. Properties of gases and liquids


Thermodynamics


Electrical and electromagnetic phenomena


Electrodynamics. D.C


Electromagnetism


Vibrations and waves. Optics. Acoustics


Quantum physics and the theory of relativity

Small spur on physics. Everything you need for the exam. Cutting the basic formulas in physics on one page. Not very aesthetically pleasing, but practical. :-)