We have all heard about the success of the Chinese economy. China is considered a very promising country. IN last years China is rapidly developing a sense of pride in its country.

Interestingly, before 1949, 80 percent (!) of China's 500 million people were illiterate.

The problem was solved by opening a large number of schools. For them, in turn, pedagogical universities were created. Of course, such a mass character could not positively affect the quality. And yet, the work in this area has been done simply titanic. To date, 91 percent of the country's districts are covered by compulsory primary education, 99 percent of children school age go to school, the number of children who, for one reason or another, interrupted their studies is decreasing.

Until now, a huge number of people in the country are rural residents or people from rural areas. These Chinese, on average, have a lower level of education and culture. As a rule, their children are less educated. Here is an example: most often the villagers are guided by tradition. The bride and groom do not marry out of love, but at the behest of their parents. They may have very little in common. It is believed that this often becomes the cause of mutual discontent and violence in families. This is indeed a serious problem. More than 30% of married Chinese face the problem of domestic violence, which is the main cause of suicide among rural women.

Tolerance and poise often help the Chinese in everyday life.

Family

The Chinese family was more often built and is being built on the basis of a peculiar subordination. All conflicts between family members were resolved on the basis of the primacy of the elder over the younger, parents over children, husband over wife. Unity was achieved not through compromises, but only through the one-sided sacrifice of the younger ones. The inseparable family had to obey the all-powerful father-patriarch in everything.

The lowest rung in the Chinese family hierarchy is traditionally occupied by a woman. As a child, she had to obey her father unquestioningly in everything; after marriage - to the husband and mother-in-law, and after the death of the husband - to the son.

The Chinese are very fond of children. No wonder in ancient China It was considered a terrible insult to wish a person childlessness. Having many children, a large family was prescribed by the teachings of Confucius from time immemorial.

Under existing law, a Chinese family is only entitled to one child(an exception is allowed for national minorities).

The only child becomes the object of universal adoration of parents and relatives. Such children are now called in China "little emperor"(“xiao huangdi”). Naturally, a lot of problems arise with the upbringing and health of an only child. He has every chance to grow up capricious, spoiled and overweight, because "he is being fed." IN in public places you can often meet overfed, fat boys and girls. At the same time, the usual Chinese upbringing is very strict, children grow up well-mannered, obedient and achieve high results.

In China, it is customary to give a child to grandparents to raise for a couple of years, while he is small. This tradition is primarily associated with the fact that adult Chinese have no time to sit with children - they have to work hard.

School

Today, more than 90% of the regions in China are included in the compulsory primary education, almost 100% of children attend school, and the number of students with incomplete education is constantly decreasing. Education is free for Chinese citizens, and educational programs controlled by the state. As the Chinese saying goes, “find good teacher not easy; finding a good student is a hundred times more difficult.” Every Chinese student strives to be the best. Children start going to school from the age of 6, and before entering it, the children pass the first of numerous tests. The whole system of school education in China is aimed at competition and achievement of the best best result, so the load in Chinese schools is simply huge. Typically, training sessions are not limited to school lessons and continue at home with tutors. Even in primary school kids are engaged with tutors in several subjects.

Duration of schooling: 9 years. A Chinese student has 6-7 lessons every day.

As for disciplines, then in Chinese schools it is tough: if you miss 12 lessons without a good reason - and you are expelled. Yes, and here is another important difference from the educational process: each class is assigned its own audience - not students go from room to room, but teachers. After graduating from the 7th grade, Chinese students take exams - this is a kind of transitional stage to secondary education and university admission. If a student does not pass these exams, he is not allowed to enter a higher school, and it becomes impossible for him to enter a university and get a well-paid job.

China has a system unified state exam, it is taken all over the country, and the best ones are enrolled in universities. Given the huge number of schools with an uneven level of education in cities and villages, the exam is more or less appropriate. Russia borrowed this technology from Chinese colleagues.

universities

The number of higher education institutions in China is quite large - more than a hundred. Every year, the number of Chinese graduates who try to enter (and in most cases successfully) universities in Europe, the USA, and Russia is growing. A student from China compares favorably with his classmates: he is disciplined, diligent, responsible.

Many universities in China are huge complexes- small towns (much larger than Moscow State University), which have everything you need for life. Such an arrangement of campuses is very advisable, again considering the overpopulation of China.

Each student pays 300-700 dollars annually, which is a lot for a Chinese peasant, so they take government loans. But if at the end of the course you go to the village as an agronomist, you do not need to repay the loan. And if you want to go into commerce and be rich - repay the loan.

Sport

The Chinese are a morning nation, they get up early, at 5-6 o'clock, and do various exercises in really large groups on the street. This morning I ran to the sea, saw people practicing qigong, tai chi, Chinese badminton (variant with two rackets and version with legs, a special foot shuttle), working with a sword, wu-shu and just swimming (although the sea is still cold).

Nobody does yoga, or I didn't notice.

Chinese breakfast around 7 am, lunch from 11 am to 12 pm, dinner no later than 5 pm. At 10:00 pm, most Chinese sleep ... Hmmm. By the way, the most elderly Chinese get up before five o'clock, at four o'clock - and arrange morning walks. Very good for health.

Really, why don't people live in the morning? In the morning it is already light, always quiet and transparent. The brightest and most beautiful thoughts come in the morning, the feeling of the beginning of life is a morning feeling.

Buses in Dalian start running at 5 am, finish their work early - some numbers already at 19.00, some still run until 21.30. And that's it. After only a taxi (by the way, very cheap).

I still don’t really understand how loose or sporty this is: a lot of Chinese people wave their arms wide while walking. It looks like looseness, but in other cases it is quite clear that they are doing exercises when they walk: they make special swings with their arms, raise their legs, sing or moo ...

At the bus stop, they can put their foot up on the rail and stretch.

Walked with his wife, came to the conclusion: fat men still sometimes meet, women - no. Applause!

The nation has a future - the nation is created by women, and here, in China, I saw more women running in a sports version than men. Mom walks next to her son, raises her legs high on the go, makes swings, the son repeats this after her ... We often pull up: “Go calmly!” and scold on the go. And the son repeats this after his mother ...

There are no smoking women in China, otherwise such a woman has practically no chance of getting married. And this despite the fact that girls are more likely to be in short supply here, more boys are born and women can choose which of the worthy men she will marry.

This is how the Chinese have been living in sports for many centuries, and possibly several thousand years ...

education in chinese

The entire education system in China is aimed at achieving the highest result.

Chinese school prepares "tigers" for Western universities

Children have been in school for 12 years. In order to enter there, six-year-olds pass their first exam in the form of testing.

The teaching load at the school is very high. In addition to school, children do a lot of homework. Often parents hire tutors for two or three subjects, even in elementary school.

Thousands of specialists apply for jobs, and the one with the best education wins. The competition for universities is just crazy, 200-300 people per place. Naturally, applicants try to have a brilliant school education.

More and more Chinese students are studying abroad. In Europe, the United States, and even in Russia, they stand out favorably against the background of the local loose-lipped youth: the Chinese are much better prepared in core disciplines, take their studies responsibly, do not violate the university routine, etc.

In recent years, there has been a popular joke in US universities: "An American university is a place where Russian teachers teach Chinese students."

Inside view

Liu Gao Jie (in Russian Nastya), teacher Chinese, translator, 3 years living in Moscow:

“Everything that this woman wrote is true. It is very accepted in modern China. Everyone wants their child to be a winner. Therefore, parents force their children to study. Chinese children have almost no free time.

There are a lot of people in China, a lot of competition. And terrible unemployment. It takes a lot of effort to break through. Therefore, such a tough upbringing is accepted in big cities. Small towns are different. There, children are pampered, not punished and not forced to be the first in everything. After all, there is only one child in the family, all attention to him. It was exactly like this in my family: I was loved and brought up gently.

Get an education in China

Irina Sledeva, educational agency AcademConsult

• Education in state university cheap in China (up to $3,000 per year).
• The cost of living in a student hostel is from $ 600 per year.
• In China, there are branches of universities in England, where you can get a British diploma at a lower price (for example, the University of Sino-British College offers preparatory programs in Shanghai, after which students can either continue their studies in China or transfer to universities in the UK).
• In China, you can also get an education in English language at international universities such as the American Hult Business School or the Istituto Marangoni Design and Fashion Institute.

For admission to most Chinese universities, a Russian certificate of secondary education is sufficient. You can also learn Chinese on the spot. Language courses for foreign students last from 1 month to 2 years.

Documents to a Chinese university are processed in February-March, but before that time you need to send letters there and get an answer. It is best to apply for admission to the program in January.

List of documents for admission to a Chinese university:

• statement
• extract grades from the grade book or from the school
• copy of diploma (if any) or certificate
• two letters of recommendation (from any teacher or employer)
• medical certificate
• photocopy of passport
• a photocopy of the payment order for payment of the registration fee (~$50)

Work while studying

Most international students in China work part-time, although, with rare exceptions, the work is temporary or "one-time" in nature. As a rule, students earn money by translations, private lessons foreign language or, as is typical in China, by appearing in various commercials and television series. Monthly earnings in such cases are limited to a few hundred dollars.

It would not be entirely correct to think that China's phenomenal success in the economy is caused only by the stimulation of exports and the formation of a favorable investment climate. A positive role in the development of the country was played, including the reform of local education. In recent years, studying in China has become increasingly popular among foreigners. Large foreign companies operating in the field of international trade or just planning to enter the Chinese market need specialists who speak Chinese or are well acquainted with the peculiarities of local legislation.

Benefits of Chinese Education

Despite the fact that the education system in China is in many ways similar to the Russian one, it is still not worth putting an equal sign between them. Differences exist in the load on each student, and in the number of subjects of study. However, if parents currently working in China have minor children, it is in their interests to do everything possible to ensure that their child can learn Chinese. Subsequently, this will give him a considerable advantage in finding a job and in his career.

To date, it does not present any problems in terms of obtaining secondary education. There is a Russian-language school in Beijing (at the Russian Embassy), as well as in Guangzhou (primary). If you wish to learn Chinese, Russian citizens can enroll in training courses. The monthly fee for visiting them ranges from 100 to 200 US dollars.

Considering the possibility of obtaining higher education in China, one should not forget about another important advantage - the cost of studying at Chinese universities is 10-20 times lower than in China. Western Europe or USA. At the same time, many higher educational establishments have special groups for foreign students, where teaching and exams are held in English.

Study in China

In 1985, an educational reform was launched in the PRC, which subsequently somewhat modified the system of school and preschool education. In particular, secondary education was divided into three levels, two of which became compulsory. The rights and opportunities for graduates to enter higher educational institutions were significantly expanded. Gradually, the number of preschool institutions began to increase.

preschool education

As in Russia preschool education in China is partially paid. Most of the costs of paying teachers and other staff are borne by the state, parents pay only the cost of feeding their child.

Children are admitted to the Chinese kindergarten starting from the age of 3 years. The period of study is three years - from 3 to 6 years. Each kindergarten has age groups:

• initial;
• average;
• older.

Most public kindergartens not only provide day care for children, but also prepare them for school by teaching them the simplest arithmetic operations and hieroglyphs. If parents want to more thoroughly prepare their baby for the first grade or are interested in having him learn English, then in many cities there are private preschool institutions for this.

The academic year in all Chinese schools begins on September 1st. Primary education in China is compulsory for all children from the age of 6. Only in some remote and rural areas, schools are accepted from the age of 7.

The duration of education in primary school is 6 years. Admission to the first class is based on test results. This allows you to pre-determine the most capable students.

The Chinese school has some differences from the Russian primary education. For example, in rural areas, many educational institutions do not have a heating system, which in winter forces students to sit in classrooms in outerwear. Every day, Chinese schools conduct exercises, after which a line is held with a flag raising.

The Elementary Education Program includes:

• Chinese;
• natural history;
• mathematics;
• history;
• music;
• drawing;
• physical education;
• geography;
• work;
• political information and ethics of behavior.

Sometimes lessons are supplemented by work on cleaning the school grounds and excursions.

Secondary education

In order to accurately answer the question of how children learn in China, it is necessary to take into account the division of the period of study into stages (levels). The first of these is elementary school, which takes 6 years. Then, around the age of 12, children move on to the first level of secondary school. Like primary classes, it is mandatory.

Only then, after the 9th grade, the student has the choice: to continue his studies in high school (grades 10-12) or switch to vocational (special) education. This choice is highly arbitrary. The opportunity to receive a complete secondary education is provided to the student based on the results of the final exams. If a teenager does not have time in basic subjects, no one will take him to the 10th grade.

First level

The Chinese high school has some characteristic differences when compared with Russian system education. For example, in the PRC, it is in the order of things to equip classes with 35-40 students. In addition, the usual school day in China lasts not until 14:00, but until 16:00. At the same time, it is divided into two parts: from 8 am to 1 pm, children study basic subjects - algebra, Chinese and foreign languages, physics, geography, etc. Then a whole hour is allotted for lunch and rest, after which, from 2 to 4 pm, teachers give lessons in secondary subjects: drawing, physical education, singing, music. List from 7th grade compulsory subjects complemented by informatics.

Testing is often used to test knowledge. Grades for students are given on a 100-point system, but they are indicated not by numbers, but by one of the Latin letters: from A to F, in descending order. The highest grade is A. It corresponds to 90 points. If the teacher wishes to encourage the student, he can add a few extra points to the assessment.

Second level

After the end of the 9th grade, the student takes final exams, on the basis of which the form of his further education is determined. Satisfactory test results allow the student to move to the second level of secondary education. In other countries, it is customary to call it the senior classes.

As in Russia, in the 10th grade, students are divided into profiles. There are only two of them:

• academic profile (in-depth study of subjects required for admission to a university);
• vocational profile (training for admission to technical or agro-industrial colleges).

Secondary education ends after grade 12. Taking into account the fact that Chinese children enter the first grade with six-year-olds, the age of graduates does not exceed 18 years.

Special

In addition to the usual educational schools, China has a wide network of vocational schools. Admission to these educational institutions is carried out after the end of the 9th grade. The vocational school trains qualified specialists for public and private enterprises with a further prospect of obtaining the specialty of an engineer. But for this, a vocational school graduate will also have to study in college.

Another variety special education are evening schools where adult citizens can get a certificate on the job. Also very popular distance learning. It is indispensable for those students who live in remote areas and do not have the opportunity to attend classes every day.

Living and studying in China: Video

Structure of higher education

Despite the fact that the number of universities in China exceeds 2,500, higher education is not available to all school graduates. First, an objective obstacle is the great competition for prestigious specialties in universities. Sometimes from 200 to 300 applicants apply for one student place.

Secondly, those school graduates who could not get a state-funded place in a university can receive higher education only on a paid basis. Many families cannot afford it.

However, the number of students in public and private universities in China is increasing every year. As of 2017, the number of students at universities and institutes exceeds 20 million people. The vast majority of students study for free, paying only for their accommodation in a hostel.

Higher education in China can be obtained by completing a bachelor's degree and then a master's degree. If the master meets the requirements of the university, he can continue his studies in doctoral studies, which opens the way to obtaining degree. The following stages of training are given:

• bachelor's degree - 3-5 years:
• magistracy - 2-3 years;
• doctoral studies - 3 years.

Popular educational institutions in China

Behind Lately The quality of higher education in China has improved markedly. This is evidenced by the fact that, following the results of the past year, 23 Chinese universities were included in the top 500 universities in the world. According to this indicator, China is second only to the United States, Great Britain and Germany.

The universities in Beijing and Shanghai are considered the most popular among local applicants. However, this does not mean that all excellent students strive to enter only these two educational institutions. Do not forget that the competition for prestigious specialties in Chinese universities is huge. Therefore, the majority of graduates, realistically assessing their chances of admission, choose to study in largest city own or neighboring province.

The best universities in China, in addition to Beijing and Shanghai, are concentrated in several metropolitan areas that are regional centers. If we take into account the formal ranking of Chinese universities, then it looks like this:

1. Tsinghua University (Beijing);
2. Peking University;
3. Fudan University (Shanghai);
4. Sun Yat-sen University (Zhongshan);
5. Shanghai Jiaotong University;
6. Chongqing University;
7. Nanjing University;
8. Fudan University.

These universities provide a full range of educational services from bachelor's degree to doctoral studies. If a graduate is interested in technical colleges, then you can enter them in almost any large or medium-sized city in China.

Cost of education

Considering that higher education in Beijing and Shanghai is at a relatively high level, many foreigners, including those from Russia, are interested in how much it costs to study in China.

Despite the fact that in the PRC, higher education for local citizens is mostly free (there is a budgetary and paid form of education), this does not apply to foreigners. On the usual grounds, they cannot do so. The only exception is receiving a government grant or participating in an exchange program. For everyone else, a paid form of training is available.

Price school year in a Chinese university remains relatively affordable compared to many other countries - from 2,000 to 4,000 US dollars. The specified amount does not include payment for accommodation in a hostel. That's an additional $1,000 a year.

International student exchange programs

The Chinese authorities traditionally declare openness in scientific and education. This also applies to the exchange of students with other countries.

In practice, this means that a Russian full-time student can apply for an exchange program with a Chinese university. Of course, count on training in the most prestigious universities Beijing or Shanghai is not worth it, but provincial universities in the PRC are willing to participate in such programs. For a Russian student, this will be at least an excellent opportunity to improve their Chinese language skills. Moreover, under the terms of the exchange program, tuition fees are not charged.

The advantage for participation in the exchange is for excellent students who speak Chinese or English. To start the procedure, the applicant needs to submit an application to the dean's office of his university. If the educational institution participates in the exchange program, you will also have to prepare:

• an extract from the record book for the entire period of study at the university;
• medical certificate of the established form;
• teacher recommendations.

How can a foreigner go to college

In recent years, studying in China for Russians has become very popular, given not only the relatively low cost of education, but also the opportunity to get under the preferential student exchange program. In addition, there is another way how to go to study in China for free. This option involves applying for a grant from the PRC government.

It is worth considering that this opportunity is available only to those who wish to improve their Chinese language. In other words, an applicant for a grant for free education should own it at least at the household level.

To apply to study at a Chinese university or college, you must send email at the address indicated on the official website of the educational institution. The response will include information about current programs for foreign students. As a rule, all of them involve payment in one amount or another. Applicants for free education in China should contact the dean's office of their Russian university or look for information on the website of the Ministry of Education of the PRC.

Required documents

If the application for studying in the PRC has been approved, the university will send detailed instructions on what documents are required for admission to the number of students. This list usually includes:

• international passport;
• an extract from the record book (for students);
• extract from the certificate of secondary education (for applicants);
• medical certificate;
• a copy of the payment receipt.

All documents issued in Russian must have a notarized translation into English or Chinese.

Scholarships and grants

As of 2020, in the PRC there are such grants for studying foreign students:

• Confucius Scholarship (for those who wish to study Chinese);
• Government Scholarship CSC (for bachelors of Russian universities who want to get a master's degree in China).

Student Accommodation

Living conditions for students of Chinese universities can be called Spartan. In any case, they are much worse than in Russia. For example, student rooms are designed for 5-6 people. The kitchen is one per floor, and at 22 or 23 pm electricity throughout the hostel is centrally turned off. Girls and boys live in separate buildings.

For foreign students, there are still certain concessions. Usually they are accommodated in dormitories, where rooms are designed for 2-3 people, and a kitchen and a bathroom are available in each block of 3-4 rooms. But the cost of such privileges will be higher than for local ones. If Chinese students pay 200-500 dollars a year for a hostel, then a foreigner will have to pay about 1000 dollars.

Applying for a student visa

The main condition for obtaining a study visa is a contract for study or the provision of financial guarantees. If there are no problems with the money issue, the future student will need to contact one of the PRC consulates operating in Russia.

Chinese diplomatic missions accept documents within the boundaries of their consular district. In practice, this means that a citizen of the Russian Federation who is officially registered in the Far East federal district, can apply for a student visa only in Khabarovsk, but not in Moscow, St. Petersburg or Irkutsk. Despite the fact that consulates of the People's Republic of China also operate in the cities listed, failure to comply with this rule will result in the rejection of the application.

A study visa to China has categories X1 or X2. In the first case, the planned duration of training is more than 6 months, in the second - less than 6 months.

List of documents

The list of documents required for obtaining a student visa includes:

• international passport;
• certificate of secondary education;
• diploma of graduation from a college or university (for those who already have one higher or secondary specialized education);
• color photo 3.5 by 4.5 cm;
• IELTS or TOEFL results (for those who plan to study in English);
• HSK result (Chinese language proficiency test);
• medical certificate of the established form;
• letters of recommendation (if possible);
• a copy of the training contract or a certificate of financial guarantees.

Is it possible to extend

A student visa is issued for the period of study specified in the contract, with a corridor of 1-2 months for arrival and accommodation. In most cases, university students are issued an annual X1 visa. If a student arrives in China for a short-term study at language courses, for a period of less than 180 days, he is issued an entry permit of category X2.

Extension of a student visa is allowed on the basis of the submission of documents confirming such a need. For university students, the visa is renewed annually without the need to leave the PRC. To do this, you need to contact the local migration service.

Internship and job search after graduation

Successful graduation from a Chinese university or institute does not mean that the graduate will automatically find a well-paid job in Russia or China. But no one will deny that a Chinese university degree provides significant advantages in finding vacancies.

To do this, you can use popular employment sites. Some of them are in English, ie. designed for foreigners temporarily staying in China. Others have only the Chinese version. However, for graduates of a local university, language proficiency will not be a problem. Some of the most famous job search sites in China include: The Beijiner, CareerBuilder, ChinaJob, ExpatJobsChina.

Jobs in China can also be found by browsing the websites of large local companies. Some of them have a special section of current vacancies.

Do not forget that many Russian companies need qualified specialists to work in their Chinese branch. To get such a position, you need to view vacancies on Russian employment sites or subscribe to the mailing list.

China is still "mysterious" for many. eastern country" With rich history and culture. China is no less attractive in terms of education. Many parents want to send their children to this country for education due to the rapid technological and economic development of the country. However, it is worth knowing some of the nuances of school education in China.

School education in China involves training for 12 years. It includes three steps. At the same time, since 2008, the Chinese authorities decided to approve compulsory free 9-year schooling. Whether to continue studying in the last three grades is up to the parents and the students themselves.

Before entering the first grade, future first-graders are tested. The next exams await children six years later, after completing primary school. The grading system for the exam is point. To enter a high school in China, you need to score a certain number of points. If a student scores high, then he has a chance to enter a secondary school at a university, which will ensure his further admission to this university.

After 12 years of schooling, graduates take unified exams similar to our USE. They are graduation from school, as well as introductory to the university. For admission to different universities, you need to score different minimum results in the exam. The more famous the university, the more serious requirements it imposes on the level of knowledge of applicants. An applicant can send an application for admission to two or three educational institutions at the same time.

Features of schooling in China

A distinctive feature of schools in China is the high workload on students compared to the workload in Russian schools. main reason because Chinese is very difficult. Schoolchildren have to memorize several thousand hieroglyphs during their studies. They need not only to be remembered, but also to learn how to correctly pronounce and write. The number of students in the class is more than 30 people, and sometimes reaches 70-80 children.

In order not to overload the children, a decision was made to introduce a school day lasting no more than eight hours. Classes in Chinese schools begin at 8 o'clock in the morning. The number of physical education lessons is at least 70 minutes per week.

School education in China involves a 5-day school week. Children usually go to school until 4 pm. The daily schedule is as follows:

• From 8:00 to 11:30 - classes in basic subjects (mathematics, Chinese, foreign languages);
• From 11:30 to 14:00 - lunch break and daytime rest;
• From 14:00 to 16:00 - classes in secondary subjects (drawing, singing, Physical Culture, works).

Taking into account visiting extracurricular lessons and doing homework, students go to bed closer to midnight. And the morning rise usually takes place at 6:00, because at 7:30 you already need to be at school.

The academic year at the Chinese school includes two semesters. After the end of the first and second semesters, students receive final grades in points. A 100-point scale is used. Teachers record student scores in class journals. Parents can always be aware of the progress of their children.

Strict discipline is maintained in training. If a student skips 12 classes without a valid reason, he will be expelled.

Secondary education in China is under the vigilant control of the state. All schools have state funding and receive funds from the treasury to upgrade equipment and renovate premises.

Modern schools in China are often complex buildings with long corridors stretching between them, and in the inner part of the courtyard there are large sports fields. There are sometimes several thousand students in one school.

Primary school in China

Children go to first grade at the age of 6. The first semester starts on September 1st and the second semester starts on March 1st. Holidays in summer are in July and August, and in winter - in January and February.

In elementary school in China, they study mathematics, Chinese, natural science, drawing, music, and children also receive basic knowledge of history, natural history and geography. It is obligatory to study China and its peoples, as well as to obtain political information. In addition, students are actively involved in maintaining order and cleanliness in school premises.

Starting from grade 3, students learn English. From the 4th grade, children also attend practice - usually in workshops or on farms. Many choose electives and sections to their liking.

Junior high school

High school in China is three years of study. After him obligatory part education will be completed. Teenagers study the following subjects: mathematics, Chinese, English, physics, computer science, biology, geography, music, physical education, ethics and morality.

Particular attention in China is paid to the education of political literacy and the introduction of ideology into young minds. Also, children continue to study in sections and circles selected at the previous level of education.

Complete high school

During this period, students can choose one of the educational directions.

• The vocational direction serves to train technical specialists who can find work in the manufacturing sector or in agriculture. Here, vocational, technical and agricultural schools stand out separately.
• The academic direction serves to prepare teenagers for entering universities.

Education in universities in China lasts 2-4 years and depends on the specialty. There is a distribution system for graduates, so immediately after graduation they get a job.

Popular schools in China

The Beijing October First School was opened over 60 years ago. Location - Beijing city. Here, training is carried out from grades 1 to 12, enrollment is possible at any stage. The school maintains strict discipline. After several violations, expulsion follows.

It is possible to train children from foreign countries. For them, Chinese lessons are held throughout the year. After receiving the basics of the language, you should endure entrance exams in mathematics, English and Chinese. Foreign students are provided with a boarding house. Tuition fee: 28500 yuan, cost of living: 6000 yuan.

Tatyana L. (the mother of student Evgenia) says that at school they liked the informal attitude towards the girl, help in solving everyday issues, and an individual approach.

The school at the Renmin University of China (Beijing City) is considered one of the most popular high schools in China. It is possible to study foreign students in any class - from 1 to 12. The university specializes in the field of public and humanities, popular specialties: economics, journalism, law.

The school is famous high results graduates. Most of them go to the People's University or other prestigious universities in China. For students from other countries, a one-year Chinese language course is provided, after which exams are taken for admission to the school. Tuition fee: 25,000 yuan, cost of living: 6,200 yuan.

School No. 2 at East China Pedagogical University located in Shanghai city. Considered one of the best schools in the city. It is possible to train students from other countries at the age of 12-18 years. A preliminary Chinese language course is provided, as in other similar schools.

The school has an excellent material and technical base. This includes a laboratory, an indoor swimming pool, and numerous sports facilities. The hostel has 400 rooms for students. Tuition fee: 35,000 yuan, living expenses: 5,000 yuan.

Olga S. (mother of student Lilia) from Russia says that she can safely recommend this school to everyone. She liked the green area, the modern buildings of the hostel and school, as well as several excellent sports grounds.

The school at Shanghai Jiaotong University is ready to accept foreign students aged 15-18 for graduation. First, students study the basics of Chinese for six months and only after that they can move on to the main program. Here, teenagers not only study the basic disciplines, but also prepare for entering the university. Tuition fee: 34300 yuan, cost of living: 4000 yuan.

Dilara says that her son is satisfied with his studies, he found friends from different countries world, mastered Chinese and consolidated knowledge of English. Now he plans to enter a Chinese university.

As for Russian schools in China, we can recommend a school at the Russian Embassy in Beijing.

Documents for studying in a Chinese school

Every student from a foreign country must have an official guardian in China. It can be any Chinese citizen or foreigner who has received an official job and residence permit in China. The guardian must write a written guarantee for the ward that the student will behave well and study successfully. And in case of violations, the guardian will be held liable.

It is to the guardian that the administration of the school turns in case of problems with the student. Parents of a schoolchild usually have to pay several thousand yuan for guardianship. Some schools act as guardians themselves.

Also, to go to study in China, you must have a foreign passport and a student visa, which is issued only after the conclusion of an agreement with the school.

China is a modern and promising country, which in recent years has occupied a leading position not only in the world market, but also in the field of culture and science. From our article you will learn how the system developed from antiquity to the present day. We will also tell you about the most important universities in the country and how foreigners can enter them.

Education in ancient China

Since ancient times, the Chinese have been sensitive to everything related to knowledge and study. Teachers, scientists, philosophers and poets were respected people, often holding high positions in state system. Children received their initial knowledge in the family - they were taught to respect elders and follow the norms of behavior in society. In wealthy families, kids from the age of three were taught counting and writing. From the age of six, the boys went to school, where they learned the art of weapons, horseback riding, music and writing hieroglyphs. In large cities, schoolchildren could go through two stages of education - primary and higher. Usually the children of the nobility and wealthy citizens studied here, since the cost of classes was quite high. In rural schools, students sat behind books all day long, did not know holidays and fun games. They were not rare - instead of flowers, the children carried a bamboo stick to the teacher, however, in a beautiful package. However, the knowledge that they received within the walls of the school was rather meager. The students were taught that China is the whole world and the children had a vague idea of ​​what was happening in neighboring countries. I would like to note that the way to school was ordered for the girls, as they were being prepared for the role of wife and mother of the family. But in noble families, girls learned to read and write, dance, play musical instruments and even own some types of weapons. With the popularization of the teachings of Confucius, the history of the formation of China moved to new level. For the first time, students were treated with respect, taught to ask questions and find answers to them. The new approach contributed to the development of respect for the educational sciences, and contributed to the fact that education became an integral part of state policy.

Education system in China

Today, the government of this great country is doing everything so that citizens can learn. This despite the fact that in the middle of the last century, 80% of the population was illiterate. Thanks to government programs, schools, technical colleges and higher education institutions are actively opening across the country. However, the problem persists in rural areas, where people still live according to ancient traditions. The main feature of education in China is that education at all levels can be obtained free of charge. The system itself is very similar to the Russian one. That is, from the age of three, kids go to kindergarten, from the age of six to school, and after graduation, to an institute or vocational school. Let's consider all the steps in more detail.

in China

As you know, most families in this country are raising one child each. That is why parents are glad that kids can be brought up in a children's team. Kindergartens in China are divided into public and private. In the first place, much attention is paid to preparing for school, and secondly, to the development of creative abilities. Additional activities such as dancing and music are usually paid separately. Much of the knowledge that children receive in kindergartens can be applied in practice. So, for example, they learn to plant plants and take care of them. Together with the teacher, they cook food and learn how to repair clothes. We can see an original approach to education in the Junin network of private kindergartens. A whole team of teachers, led by Chairman Wang Huning, developed a unified curriculum for children.

School in China

Before entering the first grade, children undergo a series of tests, and then they are included in serious work. Even the youngest students are not treated with favors here, and parents often have to hire tutors. School education in China is built in such a way that children constantly have to compete with each other for the title of the best. Therefore, it is not surprising that the loads in all classes are simply huge. At the end of the seventh grade, all students take an exam that will determine whether the child is ready for high school. If not, then the road to further education, and subsequently to a prestigious job, will be closed to him. Before entering the university, students pass a single State exam, which is held throughout the country at the same time (By the way, this idea was borrowed and successfully implemented in Russia). Every year, more and more Chinese successfully pass exams in prestigious universities around the world. They are welcomed as these students are very diligent, collected and take their studies very seriously.

Like others educational institutions In China, schools are not only public, but also private. Foreigners can enter any of them by passing the required exams. As a rule, it is much easier to enter, and training is often conducted in two languages ​​(one of them is English). There is a school in China where they teach in Russian and Chinese, and it is located in the city of Yining.

Secondary education

As in Russia, there are vocational schools that train students of their chosen profession. The main areas of secondary education in China are agriculture, medicine, law, pharmaceuticals, and so on. In three or four years, young people get a profession and can start working. Foreigners enrolled in such educational institutions master the language for the first year, and devote the rest of the time to study.

Higher education

There are many in the country state universities which accept students based on the results of school exams. Education here is paid, but the prices are relatively low. However, residents of rural areas often feel that even this fee is high, and they are forced to take out loans for education. If a young specialist agrees to return to the outback after graduating from the university, then he will not have to return the money. If he is ambitious and plans to start his own business in the city, then the debt will have to be repaid in full. Higher education in China can be obtained by any foreign student who has passed a language test. Moreover, he can choose a program in English, learn Chinese in parallel. To facilitate the adaptation of such students, they often open training courses language training. After a year or two of intensive training, a student can move on to study in a specialty.

Universities

Consider the most popular and prestigious universities in the country:

• Peking University is the country's oldest educational institution located in the Haidan area, one of the most beautiful places in the world. Amazing Gardens, which used to belong to the imperial dynasty, make an indelible impression on tourists. The campus itself consists of educational buildings, dormitories, cafes, restaurants, shops and leisure centers. The local library is the largest in Asia.
• Fudan University is one of the oldest in the country. Known for being the first to replace the semester system with "levels" and proving that this approach is the most effective. In addition, the teachers of this university aim to unleash the potential of students in order to direct young talents to serve their country.
• Tsinghua is one of the best technical universities in China, which is also in the top 100. There are many famous scientists, politicians and public figures among his students.

Conclusion

As you can see, the path of education in China is very similar to that of students in Russia. We hope that the information we have collected will be useful to you if you decide to become a student of one of the country's educational institutions.

The tremendous pace of development of the Chinese economy over the past decades has generated a lot of discussion among modern society, and there are more and more hypotheses and assumptions about the origins of China's powerful progress. Of course, this could not happen without a reason and serious work of the state and representatives of the economic sector.

The basis of the national idea of ​​the Celestial Empire is the principle of hard work, which will certainly lead to success. Since childhood, the Chinese have been working hard and even after achieving the goal, they do not stop working on themselves. The Chinese never stop halfway, because the main thing for them is to achieve the goal. For example, during the Olympics, the Chinese always strive to get gold, because other medals are not the equivalent of victory.

But, of course, the state played an important role in shaping the country's economy.
First, the priorities were correctly defined: most of the state budget today is invested in education. Universities that bring valuable personnel to the country are almost completely subsidized by the state. Hence the race to improve the quality of education received. The state also encourages talented students - future invaluable personnel for the country and provides grants. They also work for international students.
Secondly, primary and secondary education was declared compulsory for all. Only tough measures at the legislative level could cope with the dominance of illiteracy.

As you know, in the early 90s in China, only 4% of the population had a higher education, only 12% received a high school diploma, and 11% had no education at all. Outstanding researchers could be counted on the fingers, and it was not worth talking about prestigious universities, victories in various olympiads and competitions. Today the situation has changed dramatically.

Benefits of Chinese Education

What was the impetus that turned China into the fastest growing country? Today, the Celestial Empire overtakes the United States in terms of the number of launches into space, independently produces original and high-quality products, and is also a world center for advanced research and innovative projects. In 1998, the PRC Higher Education Law was signed, which turned the country's universities into world-class universities, with the best professors and unique laboratories, thanks to which China can now rightfully be called an innovative miracle.

At present, every citizen of the PRC understands that the absence of a diploma of higher education means the impossibility of a normal, happy life and self-realization. This understanding determined current situation in the country. At present, obtaining a diploma and a demanded specialization is the goal of every resident of the country. And they begin to achieve it from early childhood. Taking into account the incredible diligence and diligence, schoolchildren, and then students, study insanely a lot and perceive huge layers of information every day.

Features of education in China

The concept is for every student to become significant person in society and achieved all the blessings in life. Therefore, since childhood, every citizen of the PRC knows what intensive study of the material is, is able to endure nine lessons every day and spends his free time studying books in the library. And all this is accompanied iron discipline: for 12 passes, the student is expected to be expelled, for drinking alcohol within the walls of an educational institution - expulsion with a reprimand and significant difficulties in entering other schools.

Due to high workloads and iron discipline, there are quiet hours in schools. After lunch, students have 60-80 minutes to rest and recover. At the same time, before going on vacation, children study the exact sciences, and after a quiet hour they are engaged in creativity.

Education system in China

The modern Chinese education system is familiar to any European and differs little from what we are used to.

• From three to six years old, children receive preschool education in kindergartens. At this age, the accustoming to strict discipline begins.
• The child spends the next six years in elementary school. There he receives basic knowledge about the world and society and for the first time tries himself as a worker.
• It takes another three years to study in high school. At this stage, children delve into the exact sciences, study politics, computer science and foreign languages. After graduating from high school, students are considered savvy enough not to go to high school, but to get a secondary professional education and go to work.
• The last three years of school are high school. There, children are prepared for university.

Preschool education

In China, as in Russia, preschoolers attend kindergartens. They are divided into two main types: private and public. At the same time, they differ both in the way of financing and in the teaching methods.

In private kindergartens, when teaching, they emphasize an individual approach to the child, develop his creative abilities and introduce him to science and art. In the state preschool institutions children are taught to work, taught to cope with household needs and prepared for elementary school.

The famous Chinese discipline is instilled in children with kindergarten. Every morning begins with the raising of the national flag, all games are strictly controlled by educators, and there is simply no free time for idleness. Maybe this is the secret of the exceptional industriousness and efficiency of the Chinese.

School education in China

We mentioned the three-stage structure of schooling earlier. In general, it resembles the Russian one, except that only the first nine years of study are free. You will have to pay for high school.
Primary and secondary school is a compulsory stage of education. The program includes basic study of the Chinese language, mathematics, natural history, history, geography and music. Knowledge is assessed on a 100-point scale, a test system works.

In Chinese schools, there is a uniform uniform for all students, the entrance gates open twice a day, and educational process does not stop even during the holidays. After the rest, students are required to hand over to the teachers the finished homework. It is a common practice to send children abroad. But not for relaxation, but for a more in-depth study of a foreign language. It seems that every free minute in China is spent studying.

Those who want to enter a university usually go to high school. Another important point is that before the start of this stage, students take a profile test and choose a direction - vocational or academic.
In the senior school of the academic direction, students are prepared for admission to the university. Schoolchildren are waiting for training in serious and narrow-profile disciplines that they will need at the university.
Vocational high school aimed at training future workers.

Higher education in China

There are over 2,000 higher education institutions in China. It should be noted that the diplomas of Chinese universities are not only quoted by employers, but are also highly valued on the world stage. And this is all thanks to the fundamental approach to higher education in China.

To enter the university, students take a national unified exam, which determines their chances of entering a university. Not only the state, but also municipalities and private companies in China are interested in the growth of the number of young people with higher education. Hence the variety of grants and scholarships for studying at universities. Loans for education are also common.
Studying in China is becoming more accessible, but the competition for budget places is still very large, so even admission to a paid department is a holiday for the whole family. Diploma of a graduate of a Chinese university - guarantor successful career in future.

The structure of higher education in China is the same as in Russia or Europe and consists of three levels: undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate.
Bachelor's studies take four years and are the main stage of higher education. A bachelor's degree allows you to get a job in leading companies in China and around the world.

A master's degree is two or three more years of study and a first academic degree. Students enrolled in the second stage of education will face a serious scientific work, the publication of academic materials on the chosen topic and, finally, the writing and defense of a master's thesis.

Obtaining a PhD degree takes another three to four years of postgraduate study. Usually this education is paid, but graduate students studying important or contemporary topics can count on state assistance, which encourages the growth of scientists who benefit the country.

Study in China for foreigners

For foreigners, studying in China looks completely different. More than 400,000 students from different countries (Russia, USA, South Korea, Japan, Kazakhstan, etc.) are already studying in China today. At the same time, foreign students receive benefits and softer living conditions.

Why? Every year, Chinese educational institutions provide hundreds of programs and grants for foreign students. The more students from other countries, the higher the rating of the university. Cooperation of universities with other countries is important for the development of international business, improvement of relations with other states and popularization of Chinese culture.

The differences don't end there. Unlike Chinese students, international students live in more comfortable conditions. On the campus of any major university there are separate dormitories for students from other countries. Usually they are newer, equipped with all the necessary equipment, and the rooms in them are designed for a smaller number of people.

But at the same time, one should not forget that foreign students do not have any privileges during their studies. Iron discipline and high demands are the same for everyone. Chinese teachers do not give indulgence lazy students, and the students themselves treat such fellow students with misunderstanding. In addition, for poor academic performance or absenteeism without a good reason, they can be expelled.
Every year, Chinese universities win leading positions in the world rankings of educational institutions. This is facilitated by state support, and an innovative approach and international experience in the exchange of knowledge of universities in the Middle Kingdom.

China and Russia: a comparison of modern higher education

Perhaps, higher education in China today is partly similar to what we were told about Soviet universities. The priority is the unshakable authority of the teacher, mandatory attendance at all lectures and seminars, exactingness in studies and, of course, careful observance of disciplinary norms.

But one should not think that modern learning in China, it's a throwback to the past. Along with the iron discipline and strict standards that were inherent Russian universities 50 years ago, Chinese universities demonstrated scientific openness, the use of the latest technology, the active implementation of practical training and cooperation with the best universities from around the world. Most universities in China are equipped with innovative laboratories, have extensive libraries and all the conditions for making real scientific discoveries.

In addition, students live in modern campuses, on the territory of which there are cafes, gyms, shops, bank branches and everything necessary for life. Often, students living in dormitories simply do not need to go off campus. All this can become closer with China campus network.

Leading Universities

More than fifty universities in China are among the top 500 universities in the world. The ranking is updated every year and includes the most innovative, modern and influential universities from around the world. The two Chinese universities located in Beijing are consistently in the top ten of the world rankings. This once again shows how much the education received in China is highly valued on the world stage.

The most authoritative higher educational institutions in China formed into a separate group and received the name "League C9". This association is comparable to the American "Ivy League" or the British alliance "Russell". In addition to prestige and high ranking, All Scientific research and technical developments in these universities are funded by the state. The goal of creating the league was to pool scientific resources and agree on support high level national education. Accordingly, any of the nine universities in the group can offer the best conditions for studying in China.

C9 League includes Peking University, Shanghai Transport University, Fudan University, Harbin politechnical University, Nanjing University, Tsinghua University, China University of Science and Technology, Zhejiang University and Xi'an Transportation University.

For applicants who want to get a higher education or a scientific degree in China, there are hundreds of universities. All of them have different specializations and can provide different opportunities. But at the same time, it will be of the same quality both in big cities and federal universities, and in small budget universities located in the provinces.